Biosafety Levels Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the first action to take when a spill involving blood occurs?

  • Alert people in the immediate area. (correct)
  • Don PPE before notifying anyone.
  • Immediately block the area to prevent people from entering.
  • Start cleaning up the spill right away.

    • Which PPE is NOT mentioned as necessary when handling spills?

  • Face shield
  • Lab coat
  • Respirator (correct)
  • Safety glasses

    • How should the area of a blood spill be prepared for disinfection?

  • Cover it with disinfectant and leave for 10 minutes.
  • Cover an area twice the size of the spill with paper towels. (correct)
  • Use a dry cloth to soak up the blood first.
  • Sprinkle disinfectant powder over the spill immediately.

    • What is the recommended contact period for the disinfectant solution on a blood spill?

    <p>20 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with non-sharp materials contaminated with blood?

    <p>Place them in biohazard bags.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of container should be used for disposing of sharps?

    <p>Sharps container</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item is NOT considered personal protective equipment?

    <p>Broom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to contaminated stationary equipment after a spill?

    <p>Disinfect with a cleaning solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of airflow is recirculated in a type IIA1 cabinet?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a type IIA2 cabinet, what is the speed of the airflow uptake?

    <p>100 linear fpm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature that distinguishes a type C1 cabinet from a type B1 cabinet?

    <p>Internal exhaust motor/blower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the airflow in a type B1 cabinet operate compared to a type C1 cabinet?

    <p>Type B1 pulls airflow while type C1 pushes it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of work zone airflow is exhausted directly through the work tray grill in a type IIA1 cabinet?

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What other option can a type C1 cabinet utilize for exhaust apart from exhausting back into the room?

    <p>Ducted to outside through a canopy unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What airflow speed is specified for the work area in a typical type IIA1 cabinet?

    <p>75 fpm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way airflow functions in type A2 cabinets compared to type C1 cabinets?

    <p>Having no internal motor for airflow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of waste should be placed in the yellow bag?

    <p>Iodine and alcohol containers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best practice to perform procedures that may generate aerosols or droplets?

    <p>Use a biological safety cabinet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When using gloves, what should workers avoid touching?

    <p>Computers and phones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of waste is indicated to be placed in an orange bag?

    <p>Radioactive waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following should be used to minimize spattering when performing procedures?

    <p>Perform procedures in a manner that minimizes splashing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of agents are suitable for work in Biosafety Level 3?

    <p>Agents with potential for aerosol transmission causing serious diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is NOT characteristic of a Biosafety Level 4 lab?

    <p>Effective treatments and vaccines available for agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern addressed by biosecurity risks?

    <p>The intentional theft of valuable biological materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is part of the mitigation strategy in the hierarchy of controls?

    <p>Implementing a combination of control measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of Biosafety Level 3 laboratories?

    <p>Engineering controls to prevent environmental release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pathogens is typically handled in a Biosafety Level 4 lab?

    <p>Ebola virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of environment is necessary for effective work with level 4 pathogens?

    <p>Total containment with airtight labs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms does NOT classify for work in Biosafety Level 3?

    <p>Variola virus (smallpox)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the Laboratory Biosafety Manual first edition?

    <p>To guide countries in developing national codes of practice for biological safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was NOT a method mentioned for achieving laboratory biosafety?

    <p>Public access to laboratory facilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant themes were addressed in the third edition of the Laboratory Biosafety Manual?

    <p>Risk assessment and safe use of recombinant DNA technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of personal responsibility is emphasized in the third edition of the Laboratory Biosafety Manual?

    <p>Preventing the loss, theft, or misuse of pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is related to laboratory biosecurity?

    <p>Designing security measures to prevent unauthorized access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of issues does the second edition of the Laboratory Biosafety Manual primarily address?

    <p>Guidelines for managing pathogenic microorganisms safely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the principles of laboratory biosafety?

    <p>Implementing containment strategies and training personnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to assess risks in laboratory biosafety?

    <p>To prevent accidents and enhance safety in handling infectious materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biosafety Levels

    • Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3): Designed for work with exotic or indigenous agents that can be transmitted via aerosols, causing serious or lethal diseases (e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis, SARS).

    • Effective treatments and vaccinations are available for BSL-3 agents.

    • All operations are contained within a lab equipped with engineering controls to prevent agent release into the environment.

    • Workers typically required to use respirators.

    • Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4): Reserved for highly dangerous agents posing life-threatening diseases via infectious aerosols without available treatments or vaccines (e.g., Ebola, Marburg, Lassa).

    • Requires total containment, with airtight labs, specialized doors, and advanced air and water treatment systems.

    • Utilization of HEPA filters and positive pressure suits for personnel protection.

    Mitigation Strategies

    • Hierarchy of Controls: A systematic framework to control, reduce, or eliminate exposure to hazards, emphasizing combinations of multiple control measures.
    • Encourages nations to adopt basic biosafety concepts and develop national codes for safe handling of pathogens.
    • Development of laboratory design and access restrictions to enhance biosafety.

    Laboratory Biosafety Manual

    • 1993 Edition: Introduced guidelines for countries to create biosafety codes regarding pathogenic microorganisms.
    • 2004 Edition: Focus on biological safety and security, with added risk assessment, recombinant DNA safety, and transport of infectious materials.

    Laboratory Biosecurity

    • Focused on preventing loss, theft, misuse, or intentional release of pathogens and toxins through institutional and personal security measures.
    • Stresses personal responsibility in safeguarding biological materials.

    Biological Safety Cabinet Function

    • Type IIA1: Recirculates 70% airflow and exhausts 30% through HEPA filters.
    • Type IIA2: Similar to IIA1 but with increased airflow uptake (100 linear feet per minute).
    • Type C1: Features an internal exhaust motor to enhance airflow management and can exhaust either indoors or via external canopies.

    Spill Management Protocol

    • Procedure for Blood Spills:
      • Alert nearby individuals and don appropriate PPE.
      • Cover the spill area with paper towels, then apply disinfectant from the edge inward.
      • Allow a 20-minute disinfectant contact period.
      • Clean contaminated surfaces and maintain a documented laboratory log.

    Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

    • Essential items include safety glasses, goggles, utility gloves, wrap-around lab coats, and optional shoe covers.
    • Maintain disposal systems for biohazardous materials (e.g., red bags for non-sharp waste, sharps containers for blades and needles).

    Waste Management

    • Use designated bags for chemical (black band), pharmaceutical (black band), and radioactive waste (orange bag) following specific disposal protocols.
    • Ensure contaminated materials are handled properly to avoid any exposure risks.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the various biosafety levels and their associated risks. This quiz covers BSL-3 and BSL-4 protocols, including containment measures and mitigation strategies. Understand the importance of safety in laboratories handling dangerous pathogens.

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