Biosafety Guidelines and Lab-Acquired Infections
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Questions and Answers

What were the primary focuses in the 1980s regarding biosafety?

  • Medical treatments
  • Shipping regulations
  • Biopharmaceuticals
  • International biosafety issues (correct)

    • Laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs) have a lower risk for laboratory workers compared to the general public.

    False

    What is one key challenge in monitoring laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs)?

    Lack of accurate data interpretation

    Biosafety applications are now being considered in the field of ______.

    <p>agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT associated with laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs)?

    <p>High reporting regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following aspects of LAIs with their descriptions:

    <p>High risk = Laboratory workers are at greater risk than the public Undetected infections = Infection may occur without any signs Reporting challenges = Lack of regulation and accurate data Unique hazards = Specific dangers identified in laboratory settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is currently a global system for recording and reporting laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs).

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of developing biosafety level classifications?

    <p>To regulate safety measures for handling biological agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are included in biosafety guidelines?

    <p>Microbiological agents such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, and prions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Biosafety guidelines apply only to biomedical research facilities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one type of institution that requires strict adherence to biosafety guidelines.

    <p>Clinical laboratories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Biosafety guidelines are a set of policies necessary for personnel working with __________.

    <p>microbiological agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following agents with their classification:

    <p>Bacteria = Microbiological agent Viruses = Microbiological agent Parasites = Microbiological agent Fungi = Microbiological agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one purpose of biosafety guidelines?

    <p>To provide proper management and regulation of biosafety programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Biosafety guidelines include procedures only for teaching laboratories.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List two microbiological agents that biosafety guidelines are concerned with.

    <p>Bacteria and Viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key reason for waste segregation in molecular biology laboratories?

    <p>To prevent disease transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Burning is the most practical method of waste disposal in modern laboratories.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of environment should recording and reporting procedures occur in?

    <p>A clean and dedicated space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for specimen collection from patients?

    <p>Biosafety measures must be applied</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Specific steps for laboratory procedures should be written in ______ manuals.

    <p>standard operating procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    LAI incidence reports from different studies can be easily compared and combined.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following laboratory practices with their descriptions:

    <p>Workflow = Facilitates efficient processes in the lab BSC Certification = Secured before use and annually re-certified Waste Disposal = Must consider environmental impact Biosafety Guidelines = Part of quality management systems implementation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one bacterium and one virus mentioned as agents that have been studied in the Asia-Pacific region.

    <p>Bacterium: Shigella flexneri; Virus: SARS-CoV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which role is NOT typically involved in observing lab procedures?

    <p>Facility janitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Staff collecting specimens from patients must wear _____ at all times.

    <p>personal protective equipment (PPE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Only authorized personnel should have access to the laboratory during diagnostic tests.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following emphasizes the importance of risk assessment?

    <p>Preventive practices for zoonotic diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What equipment is mentioned for testing airflow in BSCs?

    <p>Anemometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the specimen types with their respective collection procedures:

    <p>Sterile specimens = Require strict biosafety measures Non-sterile specimens = Collected without special precautions Blood specimens = May use evacuated tube system Urine specimens = Typically require midstream collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The evacuated tube system (ETS) reduces contact between a patient's blood and the phlebotomist during venipuncture.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What document summarizes LAI studies from 1982 to 2016 in the Asia-Pacific region?

    <p>A rapid review by Siengsanan-Lamont and Blacksell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following focuses on safety practices among hospital laboratories?

    <p>Survey of safety practices among hospital laboratories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The article by Singh et al. discusses the importance of biomedical waste management.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of materials does the article by Armbruster DA address regarding clinical laboratories?

    <p>Hazardous waste disposal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___ phase presents a continuous challenge for laboratory professionals.

    <p>preanalytical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following articles with their main focus:

    <p>Karinja et al. = Sputum mycobacterial load Kruse et al. = Biological safety cabinetry Ezzelle et al. = Good clinical laboratory practice Heiby J. = Quality assurance in laboratories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern discussed in the article by Askarians et al.?

    <p>Clinical laboratory waste management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who authored the article discussing biological safety cabinet testing?

    <p>Newsom SW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Molecular biology diagnostics are not mentioned in the content provided.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biosafety Guidelines

    • Biosafety guidelines are a set of policies, rules, and procedures necessary to be followed by personnel working in various facilities handling microbiological agents.
    • Strict adherence to these guidelines is required in clinical and microbiological laboratories, biomedical research facilities, teaching and training laboratories, and other healthcare institutions.
    • These guidelines are designed to ensure the proper management and regulation of biosafety programs and practices at all levels of the organization.

    Epidemiology of Laboratory-Acquired Infections

    • Laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs) are considered a significant risk for the laboratory workforce.
    • Sulkin and Pike (1949) first studied the risk of infection associated with employment in a clinical or research laboratory.
    • The incidence of laboratory-acquired infections varies among institutions and is often underreported due to reporting difficulties and lack of accurate data interpretation.
    • LAIs may not always manifest as a disease entity and lack of a standardized reporting system makes global data collection and comparison difficult.
    • While national and global recording and reporting of LAIs are not in place, recent studies highlight the importance of improving biosafety.

    Specimen Requirements and Procedure

    • All specimens collected from patients require biosafety measures, including patient instruction, clear explanations, and step-by-step procedures.
    • Healthcare workers, including laboratory staff, should be well-oriented when collecting specimens from patients.
    • Personal protective equipment (PPE) must be worn at all times during specimen collection, and universal precautions should be applied.
    • The use of the evacuated tube system (ETS) during venipuncture minimizes the risk of contamination.
    • Molecular biology laboratories require different rooms for sample preparation, DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing, requiring additional biosafety measures.
    • Proper waste disposal is necessary to prevent disease transmission. Waste segregation must be implemented, and alternative disposal mechanisms should be institutionalized.
    • Environmental impact should be considered when choosing waste disposal methods.
    • Treatment facilities remove contaminants before sewage is released into the environment.

    Testing Procedures

    • Biosafety guidelines are an essential part of quality management systems implementation.
    • New facilities should prioritize biosafety before starting operations.
    • Workflow inside the laboratory should facilitate efficient processes.
    • Activities involving dirty areas (specimen receipt, sample preparation) should be kept separate from clean areas (microscopy, use of automated instrumentation).
    • Laboratory workflow procedures can be tested through observation and evaluation by a designated biosafety officer, laboratory supervisor, or an independent consultant.
    • Biological safety cabinets (BSCs) should be regularly tested for airflow using smoke pattern tests and anemometers.
    • BSC certification provided by a service professional should be secured before use and re-certified annually.

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    Biosafety Guidelines PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers essential biosafety guidelines that personnel in microbiological and clinical laboratories must adhere to. Additionally, it addresses the epidemiology of laboratory-acquired infections, highlighting risks and historical studies on the subject.

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