Biomedicine Methods Exam
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Questions and Answers

Which sequence should be inserted into the appropriate vector for insulin gene study?

  • The amino acid sequence of the processed insulin protein
  • The DNA sequence of the insulin gene
  • The mRNA sequence converted to cDNA (correct)
  • The untranslated regions of the insulin gene
  • In Western Blot analysis, which blocking agent has been suggested due to its variable effectiveness?

  • 5% BSA due to its high effectiveness
  • 10% casein as it provides robust blocking
  • BSA for its potential interference with signal detection (correct)
  • 5% skim milk because of its common usage
  • When preparing a Western Blot figure from siRNA results, what is a potential issue the researcher faces?

  • The use of control siRNA to measure unintended gene knockdown effects
  • The potential contamination of lanes affecting signal clarity
  • Varying concentrations of siRNA leading to inconsistent results
  • Differences in signal levels from a loading control in the lanes (correct)
  • Which of the following was not a proposed option for blocking in Western Blot?

    <p>Using a rapid blocking method to decrease non-specific binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the choice of blocking agent affect Western Blot results?

    <p>Each blocking agent can influence the binding of antibodies to target proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vector is specifically identified as a third generation with a particular tag?

    <p>third generation viral vector with HA tag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary to obtain a eukaryotic protein in a prokaryotic system?

    <p>a eukaryotic cDNA and using a bacterial backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For cloning the insulin gene, what is an important aspect for ensuring production of recombinant insulin?

    <p>Proper regulatory sequences must be included.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the appropriate acrylamide percentage for an appropriate concentrating gel to analyze a 200kDa protein?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option best describes the importance of using a bacterial backbone in cloning experiments?

    <p>It allows for the replication and expression of the inserted gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would using eukaryotic mRNA be preferable for producing proteins?

    <p>When post-translational modifications are required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of plasmid vectors when compared to viral vectors?

    <p>Plasmid vectors are incapable of carrying large DNA inserts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When cloning the insulin gene, which feature is critical for functionality in its expressed form?

    <p>Incorporating a signal peptide sequence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an appropriate method to improve the accuracy of signal quantification in a WB experiment?

    <p>To densitometrate the bands and correct its values with the loading controls' signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What consequence is most likely from suboptimal blocking of the membrane in a WB experiment?

    <p>The primary antibody may not interact effectively with the antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices is considered ethical image manipulation in scientific research?

    <p>Cutting out portions of images to highlight specific results when appropriate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the construction of a WB sandwich, which order correctly represents the positioning from the negative electrode to the positive electrode?

    <p>Sponge, filter paper, gel, membrane, filter paper, sponge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect would an improperly blocked membrane have on the WB results?

    <p>Increased background noise and reduced signal clarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely consequence of forgetting to add glycerol to the loading buffer in SDS-PAGE?

    <p>The protein bands will be poorly resolved or diffuse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following corrections is less advisable when dealing with WB signal quantification?

    <p>Employing a predetermined bias based on expected outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For analyzing a protein of 200kDa molecular mass, which final acrylamide percentage is most appropriate for the separating gel?

    <p>7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which condition would performing partial manipulations of WB images be considered unethical?

    <p>If the manipulations distort the data representation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might discarding a WB experiment be considered a poor practice?

    <p>It eliminates the chance for error correction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of correcting densitometry using the loading control value?

    <p>To achieve a ratio that accounts for experimental variability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When selecting restriction sites to open a plasmid, what is an important variable to consider?

    <p>Choosing a unique site to avoid plasmid recircularization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of having higher background in WB results?

    <p>False positives affecting interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vector is generally recommended for generating a stable cell line?

    <p>A viral vector.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario is it acceptable to manipulate imaging data in a WB study?

    <p>Cutting out irrelevant areas while preserving essential information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When designing an experiment, why is it important to include a loading control in Western blot analysis?

    <p>To visualize the total protein loaded per lane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an initial consideration when constructing a plasmid for cloning purposes?

    <p>One should ensure the presence of a selectable marker.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In electrophoresis, if a researcher uses an incorrect acrylamide concentration, what is a likely outcome?

    <p>The separation of proteins will be compromised.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What consequence does selecting a multi-restriction site have during molecular cloning?

    <p>Contains a risk of multiple insertions into the plasmid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to normalize densitometry values when analyzing protein expression?

    <p>To transform raw data into relative expression levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biomedicine Methods and Techniques Exam

    • SDS-PAGE Buffer: If glycerol is omitted from the loading buffer, it's likely the sample will not load and run correctly.

    • Protein Molecular Mass Analysis (SDS-PAGE): A 200 kDa protein requires a 20% separating gel for proper analysis.

    • Densitometry Correction: Normalizing the signal with a loading control aids in analyzing results by providing a ratio for comparison between experimental and control signal intensities

    • Plasmid Restriction Sites: Choosing unique restriction sites prevents recircularization, crucial for targeted insertion

    • Stable Cell Line Vectors: Using plasmid vectors with antibiotic resistance (e.g., neomycin) is beneficial for creating stable cell lines.

    • Eukaryotic Protein Expression in Prokaryotes: Using a eukaryotic cDNA with a bacterial backbone is a method used to produce eukaryotic proteins in prokaryotic systems.

    • Concentrating Gel for Protein Analysis (SDS-PAGE): 200kDa protein analysis necessitates a 20% concentrating gel.

    • Insulin Gene Cloning: To produce recombinant insulin, the mRNA sequence (as cDNA) is necessary for cloning into a vector.

    • Western Blot Blocking Procedure: Skim milk (5%) is often used for blocking in Western Blotting experiments, as an alternative to BSA. It effectively prevents non-specific binding of antibodies to the membrane.

    • Western Blot Loading Control Variations: If loading controls vary across lanes, a semi-quantitative densitometry approach is appropriate, using the control lanes for normalization and calculation.

    • Western Blot Membrane Blocking: Inadequate membrane blocking can lead to high background in the experiment, due to the non-specific binding of the antibodies.

    • Ethical Image Manipulation: Performing partial manipulations is generally considered an unethical means to highlight a result. Adjustments should be for data clarity and to prevent distortion.

    • Western Blot Sandwich Assembly: The correct assembly order for a Western Blot sandwich, placing layers from negative to positive electrode, is sponge, filter paper, membrane, gel, filter paper, and sponge.

    • Recombinant Protein Purification: Cloning with a specific tag, followed by immunoprecipitation, is a common method for purifying recombinant proteins from prokaryotic systems.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on essential biomedicine methods and techniques. This quiz covers topics such as SDS-PAGE, protein analysis, plasmid vectors, and eukaryotic protein expression. Evaluate your understanding of various laboratory practices in biomedicine.

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