module 2 - proteins
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four categories of macromolecules found in the body?

  • Nucleic acids (correct)
  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Proteins

    • What is the chemical composition of amino acids?

  • Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and potassium
  • Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur (correct)
  • Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
  • Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus

    • What are the forces that influence the four hierarchical levels of protein structure?

  • Hydrogen bonds
  • Ionic bonds
  • Covalent bonds
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What is protein denaturation?

    <p>The alteration of protein structure and loss of function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle behind protein electrophoresis?

    <p>Separation of proteins based on charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an enzyme?

    <p>A type of protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical composition of carbohydrates?

    <p>Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the properties of lipids related to fatty acid composition?

    <p>The degree of saturation of fatty acids determines the solubility of lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the monomers that make up nucleic acids?

    <p>Nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most abundant organic molecule in cells?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that different side chains can give amino acids?

    <p>Sulfur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is formed between two amino acids during the formation of proteins?

    <p>Covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of protein structure refers to the overall 3-dimensional folding of the polypeptide chain?

    <p>Tertiary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of secondary structure is formed when hydrogen bonds form between amino acids that are 4 amino acids away on the same polypeptide chain?

    <p>Alpha-helix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of protein structure refers to the interaction of two or more polypeptides to form a larger protein?

    <p>Quaternary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of proteins is often water-soluble with ionic groups on the outside and hydrophobic pockets on the inside?

    <p>Globular proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of proteins is water-insoluble and usually functions in a structural capacity?

    <p>Fibrous proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the loss of the normal three-dimensional structure of a protein?

    <p>Denaturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of force can disrupt the structure of proteins by disrupting hydrogen bonds?

    <p>Chemical forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structure of a protein?

    <p>The amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agents disrupt hydrophobic interactions?

    <p>Acetone, alcohol, urea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is denaturation bad?

    <p>It changes the structure of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agents disrupt electrostatic interactions?

    <p>Acetone, alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rapid identification of individuals with sickle cell anemia achieved through?

    <p>Protein electrophoresis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of proteins are enzymes?

    <p>Neutral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of HbA in protein electrophoresis?

    <p>Negatively charged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of HbS in protein electrophoresis?

    <p>Neutral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of individual enzymes important for?

    <p>Their function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the migration of proteins in the electric field affected by?

    <p>Mutation at specific amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is mutated in sickle cell anemia?

    <p>6th amino acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

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