Biology: Vocabulary Definitions

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of an enzyme?

To speed up biochemical reactions

Define monosaccharides.

Simple sugar

Explain the process of diffusion.

Random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

What is the main function of nucleic acids?

Store and pass on genetic information Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between passive and active transport.

Passive Transport: movement of molecules across the cell membrane without using energy; Active Transport: movement of materials against a concentration difference that requires energy Signup and view all the answers

What organelle performs photosynthesis?

Chloroplast Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells. (BE SPECIFIC)

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, have free-floating DNA, no membrane-bound organelles, and are smaller. Examples are bacteria and archaea. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, DNA in the nucleus, are larger, and have membrane-bound organelles. They can be plant or animal cells. Signup and view all the answers

What organelles are found in Eukaryotic animal cells?

Nucleus, Mitochondria, ER, Golgi Apparatus, Cell membrane, Lysosome, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

What organelles are found in Prokaryotic cells?

Ribosomes, Cytoplasm, Cell wall, Cell membrane, Flagellum Signup and view all the answers

What organelles are found in Eukaryotic plant cells?

Nucleus, ER, Mitochondria, Vacuole, Golgi apparatus, Cytoplasm, Cell wall, Cell membrane, Chloroplast Signup and view all the answers

What is denaturing?

When an enzyme loses shape and is no longer able to bind with the substrate to speed up the chemical reaction Signup and view all the answers

Why are chloroplasts only found in plant cells?

Because plants undergo photosynthesis to make their own food, while animals and humans cannot undergo photosynthesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

Simple diffusion is the random movement of particles from an area of high to a low concentration, while facilitated diffusion is when molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of Passive Transport?

Diffusion, Osmosis, and Facilitated diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Active and Passive transport?

Active transport uses energy to actively move molecules to where they are needed, while passive transport does not use energy and involves the random movement of molecules from an area of high to a low concentration. Signup and view all the answers