18 Questions
Which organelle is responsible for the process of translation?
Ribosomes
What type of genetic mutation occurs when a section of a DNA sequence detaches and rejoins in the opposite orientation?
Inversion
Which of the following is NOT a type of genetic mutation?
Fragmentation
What is the process by which the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is translated into a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis?
Translation
Which type of genetic mutation involves the addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence?
Addition
Which organelle is responsible for the process of transcription?
Nucleolus
What are the two types of nitrogenous bases found in DNA?
Adenine and Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine
What is the difference between a dominant trait and a recessive trait?
Dominant traits are represented by capital letters and are always expressed, while recessive traits are represented by lowercase letters and are only expressed when there are no dominant alleles.
What is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in DNA is used to guide the synthesis of a protein called?
Translation
Which of the following is NOT a type of genetic mutation?
Replication
What is the role of the enzyme RNA polymerase in the process of transcription?
RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA double helix and synthesizes a complementary RNA molecule.
Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?
Two complementary polynucleotide chains coiled into a double helix.
Which of the following statements about DNA replication is true?
DNA replicates in a semi-conservative manner, where each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.
What is the process by which the information in DNA is used to produce a functional protein?
Transcription followed by translation
Which of the following statements about genetic mutations is correct?
Genetic mutations are changes in the sequence of genes or alterations of base sequences.
What is the process by which the information in a DNA strand is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA)?
Transcription
Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in the central dogma of life, as described in the text?
From proteins to make new DNA
What are the two main types of mutations?
Genetic mutations and chromosomal mutations
Test your knowledge on the organelles involved in transcription and translation processes, as well as different types of gene mutations like addition and deletion. Learn about the nucleolus, ribosomes, mRNA translation, and how mutations can impact DNA sequences.
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