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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of blood?
What is the primary function of blood?
- To deliver oxygen and remove waste products (correct)
- To produce enzymes
- To produce hormones
- To regulate body temperature
What is the fluid matrix of blood composed of?
What is the fluid matrix of blood composed of?
- Water and ions (correct)
- Hormones and enzymes
- Plasma and platelets
- Proteins and carbohydrates
Which of the following is a function of blood cells?
Which of the following is a function of blood cells?
- To store energy
- To regulate body pH
- To deliver oxygen and nutrients (correct)
- To produce antibodies
What is the role of blood in protecting the body against infection?
What is the role of blood in protecting the body against infection?
What is the primary component of blood that helps regulate body temperature?
What is the primary component of blood that helps regulate body temperature?
What is the function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
What is the function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
What is the life cycle of red blood cells?
What is the life cycle of red blood cells?
What is the role of blood in delivering nutrients to cells?
What is the role of blood in delivering nutrients to cells?
What percentage of blood is comprised of plasma?
What percentage of blood is comprised of plasma?
What is the main component of plasma?
What is the main component of plasma?
What is the role of plasma in the body?
What is the role of plasma in the body?
What type of blood cells are the heaviest?
What type of blood cells are the heaviest?
What is the process of producing blood cells called?
What is the process of producing blood cells called?
What type of tissue produces blood cells?
What type of tissue produces blood cells?
How many types of hemopoietic tissue are there in the body?
How many types of hemopoietic tissue are there in the body?
What percentage of blood is comprised of cells and cell fragments?
What percentage of blood is comprised of cells and cell fragments?
What is the function of hemopoietic tissue?
What is the function of hemopoietic tissue?
What type of blood cell is produced in lymphatic tissue?
What type of blood cell is produced in lymphatic tissue?
What is the function of red blood cells?
What is the function of red blood cells?
Where is hemopoietic tissue found?
Where is hemopoietic tissue found?
What is the name of the gland that helps supplement blood cell production?
What is the name of the gland that helps supplement blood cell production?
What is the name of the substance that allows RBCs to transport oxygen?
What is the name of the substance that allows RBCs to transport oxygen?
What is the name of the type of blood cell that carries oxygen?
What is the name of the type of blood cell that carries oxygen?
What is the function of the spleen in blood cell production?
What is the function of the spleen in blood cell production?
What is the main function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
What is the main function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
What is the structure of hemoglobin?
What is the structure of hemoglobin?
What is heme and what is its function?
What is heme and what is its function?
How many molecules of oxygen can one hemoglobin molecule bind to?
How many molecules of oxygen can one hemoglobin molecule bind to?
What is the average lifespan of a red blood cell?
What is the average lifespan of a red blood cell?
How many red blood cells are destroyed every second?
How many red blood cells are destroyed every second?
What is the process called that produces new erythrocytes?
What is the process called that produces new erythrocytes?
How long does the process of erythropoiesis take?
How long does the process of erythropoiesis take?
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Study Notes
Composition of Blood
- Blood is a type of connective tissue that consists of several types of cells suspended in a fluid matrix
- The two main components of blood are:
- Plasma (55% of blood)
- Cells and cell fragments (45% of blood)
- Erythrocytes (red blood cells, or RBCs)
- Leukocytes (white blood cells, or WBCs)
- Platelets
Functions of Blood
- Delivers oxygen and removes waste products from the body's cells
- Delivers nutrients, hormones, enzymes, and other critical substances throughout the body
- Plays multiple roles in protecting the body against infection
- Helps stabilize the body's acid-base balance and regulate body temperature
Blood Cell Formation
- The body continually replaces old, damaged, or used-up blood cells through a process called hematopoiesis
- Hematopoietic tissues, such as red bone marrow and lymphatic tissue, produce blood cells
- Red bone marrow produces all types of blood cells, while lymphatic tissue produces lymphocytes, a specific type of WBC
Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
- Responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body
- Remove carbon dioxide from the body
- Contain hemoglobin, a red pigment that gives blood its color and allows it to carry oxygen
Hemoglobin
- A protein found in RBCs that binds to oxygen, allowing them to transport it
- Consists of four globin protein chains and four heme molecules, each containing iron
- Each heme molecule can bind to one oxygen molecule, allowing hemoglobin to carry four oxygen molecules per molecule
Life Cycle of Red Blood Cells
- Red blood cells circulate for about 120 days before they die and are consumed by phagocytic cells in the spleen and liver
- The process of producing new erythrocytes, called erythropoiesis, takes three to five days and is maintained through a negative feedback loop
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