32 Questions
What is the primary function of blood?
To deliver oxygen and remove waste products
What is the fluid matrix of blood composed of?
Water and ions
Which of the following is a function of blood cells?
To deliver oxygen and nutrients
What is the role of blood in protecting the body against infection?
It plays multiple roles in protecting the body
What is the primary component of blood that helps regulate body temperature?
Plasma
What is the function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
To deliver oxygen
What is the life cycle of red blood cells?
Produced in the bone marrow and destroyed in the spleen
What is the role of blood in delivering nutrients to cells?
It delivers nutrients to cells through the bloodstream
What percentage of blood is comprised of plasma?
55%
What is the main component of plasma?
Water
What is the role of plasma in the body?
Blood clotting and immune system
What type of blood cells are the heaviest?
Red blood cells
What is the process of producing blood cells called?
Hematopoiesis
What type of tissue produces blood cells?
Hemopoietic tissue
How many types of hemopoietic tissue are there in the body?
Two
What percentage of blood is comprised of cells and cell fragments?
45%
What is the function of hemopoietic tissue?
To produce all types of blood cells
What type of blood cell is produced in lymphatic tissue?
Lymphocytes
What is the function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
Where is hemopoietic tissue found?
In the ends of long bones and flat bones such as the sternum
What is the name of the gland that helps supplement blood cell production?
Thymus gland
What is the name of the substance that allows RBCs to transport oxygen?
Hemoglobin
What is the name of the type of blood cell that carries oxygen?
Erythrocytes
What is the function of the spleen in blood cell production?
To filter out old or damaged red blood cells
What is the main function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
To provide oxygen to the body
What is the structure of hemoglobin?
Four ribbon-like protein chains
What is heme and what is its function?
Heme is an iron-containing molecule that binds to oxygen
How many molecules of oxygen can one hemoglobin molecule bind to?
Four molecules
What is the average lifespan of a red blood cell?
120 days
How many red blood cells are destroyed every second?
2.5 million
What is the process called that produces new erythrocytes?
Erythropoiesis
How long does the process of erythropoiesis take?
3-5 days
Study Notes
Composition of Blood
- Blood is a type of connective tissue that consists of several types of cells suspended in a fluid matrix
- The two main components of blood are:
- Plasma (55% of blood)
- Cells and cell fragments (45% of blood)
- Erythrocytes (red blood cells, or RBCs)
- Leukocytes (white blood cells, or WBCs)
- Platelets
Functions of Blood
- Delivers oxygen and removes waste products from the body's cells
- Delivers nutrients, hormones, enzymes, and other critical substances throughout the body
- Plays multiple roles in protecting the body against infection
- Helps stabilize the body's acid-base balance and regulate body temperature
Blood Cell Formation
- The body continually replaces old, damaged, or used-up blood cells through a process called hematopoiesis
- Hematopoietic tissues, such as red bone marrow and lymphatic tissue, produce blood cells
- Red bone marrow produces all types of blood cells, while lymphatic tissue produces lymphocytes, a specific type of WBC
Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
- Responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body
- Remove carbon dioxide from the body
- Contain hemoglobin, a red pigment that gives blood its color and allows it to carry oxygen
Hemoglobin
- A protein found in RBCs that binds to oxygen, allowing them to transport it
- Consists of four globin protein chains and four heme molecules, each containing iron
- Each heme molecule can bind to one oxygen molecule, allowing hemoglobin to carry four oxygen molecules per molecule
Life Cycle of Red Blood Cells
- Red blood cells circulate for about 120 days before they die and are consumed by phagocytic cells in the spleen and liver
- The process of producing new erythrocytes, called erythropoiesis, takes three to five days and is maintained through a negative feedback loop
This quiz covers the components of blood, formation of blood cells, and the structure and function of red blood cells.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
