Biology: Respiration Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What is respiration?

The process by which cells get energy from glucose.

What happens during respiration?

Cells break down food molecules and release the energy stored in the food.

Describe what happens when an animal eats a plant.

The stored energy is released for use through respiration.

Breathing is the same as respiration.

False Signup and view all the answers

What happens in stage one of respiration?

Glucose is broken down into smaller pieces in the cytoplasm without oxygen, releasing a small amount of energy. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in stage two of respiration?

Small molecules are further broken down in the mitochondria, with oxygen and sugar turning into carbon dioxide and water, releasing a large amount of energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the respiration equation?

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy Signup and view all the answers

What is fermentation?

The process that provides energy for cells without using oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What is alcoholic fermentation?

It produces alcohol, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of energy. Signup and view all the answers

Why is alcoholic fermentation important to bakers and brewers?

Bakers use it to make dough rise, and brewers rely on it to make beverages alcoholic and bubbly. Signup and view all the answers

What is lactic acid fermentation?

It occurs in muscle cells during rigorous activity when oxygen is low, resulting in the production of lactic acid. Signup and view all the answers

Why does lactic acid fermentation happen?

It occurs when muscles use up oxygen faster than it can be replaced during physical activity. Signup and view all the answers

In what part of the animal cell does respiration mainly occur?

In the mitochondria. Signup and view all the answers

Besides sugar, what is required for cellular respiration to occur?

Oxygen is required. Signup and view all the answers

Where does an animal get glucose from?

From the food it eats. Signup and view all the answers

How does an animal get oxygen?

From breathing air. Signup and view all the answers

How do animals get rid of the water produced?

By breathing, sweating, and urinating. Signup and view all the answers

What does an animal get out of the process of respiration?

It gets energy that is used to live, grow, and reproduce. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Respiration Overview

Respiration is the process where cells extract energy from glucose, occurring continuously in plants and animals.
Energy is released during the breakdown of food molecules like sugars through respiration.

Energy Transfer in Animals

When animals consume plants, they obtain stored energy from roots, fruits, leaves, and stems, utilized during respiration.

Distinction Between Breathing and Respiration

Breathing is different from respiration; however, oxygen is essential for the respiration process.

Stages of Respiration

Stage One:
- Takes place in the cytoplasm where glucose is partially broken down without oxygen involvement, releasing minimal energy.
Stage Two:
- Occurs in the mitochondria, where molecules are further broken down, converting oxygen and sugar into carbon dioxide and water, releasing a substantial amount of energy.

Byproducts of Respiration

Carbon dioxide and water produced in stage two diffuse out of cells, exiting through breath or stomata in plants.

Respiration Equation

The formula for respiration is:
- C6-H12-O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy.

Relationship Between Photosynthesis and Respiration

Photosynthesis enables plants to absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, while respiration utilizes oxygen and generates carbon dioxide.

Types of Fermentation

General Definition:
- Fermentation produces energy for cells without oxygen.
Alcoholic Fermentation:
- Generates alcohol, carbon dioxide, and a little energy, crucial for bakers (dough rising) and brewers (alcoholic beverages).
Lactic Acid Fermentation:
- Occurs in muscles during strenuous activity, generating lactic acid due to insufficient oxygen.

Lactic Acid and Physical Activity

Lactic acid buildup happens when muscles exhaust oxygen faster than it can be replaced, causing post-exercise soreness.

Cellular Respiration Essentials

Main site for respiration in animal cells is the mitochondria.
Besides sugar, oxygen is required for cellular respiration.
Animals obtain glucose from their food and oxygen from breathing air.
Water produced from respiration is eliminated through breathing, sweating, and urination.

Importance of Energy from Respiration

Organisms rely on energy derived from respiration for living activities, growth, and reproduction.

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Description

Explore essential concepts related to respiration in plants and animals with these flashcards. Learn how cells generate energy from glucose and the vital processes involved when animals consume plant material. Test your understanding of the intricate relationship between respiration and energy release.