Biology Quiz on Animal Behavior and Growth

Questions and Answers

What is the main influence that triggers migration in organisms?

Changes in food supply

Alterations in day length (correct)

Seasonal temperature variations (correct)

The presence of predators

What characterizes mutualism between two species?

The species have a competitive relationship

Both species benefit from the interaction (correct)

Both species are negatively impacted

Only one species benefits while the other is harmed

Which statement best describes kinesis?

The intensity of movement is independent of stimulus intensity.

Movement is determined only by genetic factors.

It is a directional movement towards a stimulus.

It involves random movement away from a stimulus. (correct)

What defines intraspecific relationships?

Interactions between individuals of the same species. Signup and view all the answers

How does photoperiodism affect long day plants?

It induces flowering with more than 12 hours of daylight. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the k-strategy in reproductive behavior?

High offspring survival due to significant parental care Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates interspecific relationships?

Predators hunting prey from different species Signup and view all the answers

In Mullerian mimicry, what is the advantage for the species involved?

Mutual protection due to similar warning signals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes cooperative breeding?

A system where family members assist in raising offspring. Signup and view all the answers

What does cooperative defense involve?

Group members combining strengths to protect young. Signup and view all the answers

How do endogenous rhythms function?

They are regulated by an internal biological clock. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a plant that can flower regardless of day length?

Day neutral plant Signup and view all the answers

What is geotaxis?

Direction influenced by gravity. Signup and view all the answers

What defines herbivorism among species interactions?

Exploitation where one organism feeds on a plant. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term entrainment refer to?

The synchronization of biological rhythms to environmental cycles. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best distinguishes mutualism from parasitism?

Mutualism benefits both species, while parasitism harms one. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of photoperiodism in plants?

To regulate flowering based on day length Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes parasitism?

A relationship where one species harms another for food Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes mutualism from parasitism in interspecific interactions?

Mutualism benefits both species involved Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior describes the movement of an organism towards or away from an external stimulus?

Taxis Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when a plant is classified as a short day plant (SDP)?

It flowers with short periods of daylight Signup and view all the answers

How does the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) function in relation to daily rhythms?

It tracks day and night length Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproductive strategy is characterized by producing many offspring with little to no parental care?

r-strategy Signup and view all the answers

How does phototaxis differ from phototropism?

Phototropism is a directional response in plants, while phototaxis is in animals Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Homing

Ability of organisms to return to specific locations, exemplified by salmon returning to their birthplace for spawning.

Indoleacetic Acid

A naturally occurring auxin found in plant shoot tips that promotes cell elongation, crucial for stem growth.

Innate Behavior

Behaviors that are genetically controlled, guided by an organism's biological clock or DNA.

Interspecific Relationships

Interactions that occur between different species.

Intraspecific Relationships

Interactions happening among members of the same species.

Kinesis

A non-directional movement response of organisms to stimuli, with movement rate influenced by stimulus intensity (e.g., slaters move slower in damp conditions).

K-strategy Reproductive Strategy

A reproductive approach in which parents produce few offspring but invest significant care, leading to higher survival rates.

Learned Behavior

Behaviors that are not controlled by genetic factors but acquired through experience.

Linear Hierarchy (Dominance Hierarchy)

A ranked order within a population indicating dominance, from most dominant to most subordinate individuals.

Long Day Plants

Plants that flower in response to long daylight conditions, requiring more than 12 hours of light.

Migration

Seasonal relocation of organisms between breeding and feeding grounds, typically influenced by temperature reduction and food scarcity.

Mullerian Mimicry

A survival strategy where two or more harmful species share similar coloration to deter predators.

Mutualism

A symbiotic relationship where both species benefit.

Nastic Movements

Non-directional movements in plants triggered by external stimuli, such as flowers opening in warm temperatures.

Cooperative Breeding

A system where extended family members aid in raising offspring, exemplified by communal pukeko nests.

Cooperative Defense

Group defense strategy against predators, seen in species like Siberian musk ox forming protective circles.

Courtship Behavior

Species-specific actions aimed at mate attraction and successful mating.

Crepuscular Animals

Animals exhibiting peak activity levels during dawn and dusk.

Day Neutral Plants

Plants that can flower regardless of day length.

Dominance

Behavior exhibited by individuals toward those lower in the hierarchy, establishing social structure.

Endogenous Rhythm

Biological rhythms regulated by internal biological clocks tied to genetic makeup.

Entrainment

The adjustment of the biological clock to align with environmental cycles.

Environmental Cues

External changes that drive behavioral or physiological modifications.

Exploitation

A species interaction where one benefits at the expense of another, such as predation or parasitism.

Free Running Period

The duration of a biological rhythm without external environmental influences.

Geotaxis

Directional movements influenced by gravity; positive geotaxis involves moving downward.

Geotropism

Growth direction in plants in response to gravity.

Herbivorism

A form of exploitation where animals consume plants.

Home Range

An area occupied by members of a species for resource gathering without defending it.

Techniques used by organisms for orientation, including solar, stellar, magnetic, and oceanic cues.

Negative Tropism

Plant growth responses directed away from stimuli.

Nocturnal Animals

Animals that exhibit activity primarily at night.

Parasitism

A form of exploitation where one organism lives on another for sustenance.

Period of Activity

The length of time from when an organism starts an activity to when it resumes.

Phase Shift

Changes in biological rhythms due to alterations in light and dark cycles.

Photoperiodism

The ability of organisms to react to variations in day length.

Phototaxis

Movement exhibiting directional responses to light, aiding certain algae in optimizing photosynthesis.

Phototropism

Growth response in plants oriented towards light sources, with shoots growing toward light.

Phytochrome

A pigment that regulates plant growth and flowering through its two forms, Pr and Pfr, affected by light conditions.

Pineal Gland

A small brain gland acting as an internal timekeeper, contributing to circadian rhythms.

Predation

The act of one organism hunting another for food, a vital ecological interaction.

r-strategy Reproductive Strategy

A reproductive method involving the production of many offspring with minimal parental care, leading to high early mortality rates.

SCN (Suprachiasmatic Nucleus)

Brain cells responsible for maintaining circadian rhythms and regulating day-night cycles.

Short Day Plants

Plants that flower in response to shorter daylight conditions, needing less than 12 hours of light.

Taxes

Directional movements toward or away from stimuli in response to environmental factors.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key biological concepts such as homing, auxins, and innate behavior. This quiz covers important terms and examples related to animal navigation and plant growth. Perfect for students studying biology or those interested in these fascinating topics.