15 Questions
Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
Presence of membrane-bound organelles
What is the chief function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?
Cell division and control of genetic information
Which cellular component represents about half of the volume of a eukaryotic cell?
Cytoplasm
What differentiates cells through the process of differentiation or maturation?
Communication
Which type of cells contain membrane-bound intracellular compartments and a well-defined nucleus?
Eukaryotic cells
What is the characteristic feature of the genetic information in prokaryotic cells?
Contained in a single circular chromosome
Which organelle is responsible for processing and packaging proteins into secretory vesicles?
Golgi complex
What is the function of lysosomes in cellular injury?
Digestion of cellular substances
Which organelle contains several enzymes that detoxify waste products using hydrogen peroxide?
Peroxisomes
What is the function of the plasma membrane in cellular metabolism?
Control of substance movement across the membrane
Which structure serves as the 'bone and muscle' of the cell?
Cytoskeleton
Where are the enzymes of the respiratory chain (electron-transport chain) found?
Inner membrane of mitochondria
What is the function of ribosomes in the cell?
Protein synthesis
What is the basic structure of the plasma membrane?
A lipid bilayer studded with various proteins containing carbohydrates
What is the role of mitochondria in cellular energy metabolism?
Generation of most of the cell's ATP
Test your understanding of the characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including their differences in size, organelles, and genetic information. This quiz covers the key concepts from Chapter 1 of biology related to prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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