Biology: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Chapter 1 Review
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

  • Presence of membrane-bound organelles (correct)
  • Genetic information contained in a single circular chromosome
  • Absence of a well-defined nucleus
  • Smaller size compared to prokaryotic cells

What is the chief function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

  • Conductivity and movement
  • Metabolic absorption and excretion
  • Respiration and reproduction
  • Cell division and control of genetic information (correct)

Which cellular component represents about half of the volume of a eukaryotic cell?

  • Nucleus
  • Intracellular organelles
  • Cytoplasm (correct)
  • Plasma membrane

What differentiates cells through the process of differentiation or maturation?

<p>Communication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells contain membrane-bound intracellular compartments and a well-defined nucleus?

<p>Eukaryotic cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the genetic information in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Contained in a single circular chromosome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for processing and packaging proteins into secretory vesicles?

<p>Golgi complex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lysosomes in cellular injury?

<p>Digestion of cellular substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle contains several enzymes that detoxify waste products using hydrogen peroxide?

<p>Peroxisomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the plasma membrane in cellular metabolism?

<p>Control of substance movement across the membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure serves as the 'bone and muscle' of the cell?

<p>Cytoskeleton (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the enzymes of the respiratory chain (electron-transport chain) found?

<p>Inner membrane of mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ribosomes in the cell?

<p>Protein synthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic structure of the plasma membrane?

<p>A lipid bilayer studded with various proteins containing carbohydrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mitochondria in cellular energy metabolism?

<p>Generation of most of the cell's ATP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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