Biology Photosynthesis and Macromolecules Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of photophosphorylation?

  • To release oxygen as a byproduct
  • To produce glucose from carbon dioxide
  • To regenerate RuBP
  • To convert light energy into ATP and NADPH (correct)

    • Which enzyme is responsible for carbon fixation in the Calvin Cycle?

  • RuBisCO (correct)
  • Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase
  • NADP reductase
  • ATP synthetase

    • Which of the following statements about the Calvin Cycle is true?

  • It uses ATP and NADPH produced in light-dependent reactions (correct)
  • It generates ATP and NADPH directly
  • It occurs in the chloroplast's thylakoids
  • It requires light energy to drive the reactions

    • What is produced as a byproduct of the light-dependent reactions?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many molecules of G3P are needed to produce one molecule of glucose via the Calvin Cycle?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for cells?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classes of macromolecules can form signaling molecules?

    <p>Lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the components of a nucleotide?

    <p>Nitrogenous base, phosphate group, five-carbon sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which polymer is primarily used for long-term energy storage?

    <p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of macromolecule is chitin?

    <p>Carbohydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true concerning amino acids?

    <p>Each contains a carboxyl group and a variable side chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is commonly found in nucleic acids but not in carbohydrates?

    <p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cellulose in plants?

    <p>Structural component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary product of glycolysis along with the breakdown of glucose?

    <p>2 NADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many ATPs are produced through substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the 3-carbon pyruvates during pyruvate oxidation?

    <p>They lose one carbon producing CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is produced alongside NADH during the Krebs Cycle?

    <p>FADH2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the waste product produced during both pyruvate oxidation and the Krebs Cycle?

    <p>CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes oxidative phosphorylation?

    <p>It produces a significant amount of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many total CO2 molecules are produced from one glucose molecule after the Krebs Cycle?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of NAD+ during glycolysis?

    <p>It acts as an electron carrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the electron transport chain (ETC) in cellular respiration?

    <p>To power proton pumps that help synthesize ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many ATP molecules are produced during oxidative phosphorylation per glucose molecule?

    <p>26-28 ATPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main outcome of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

    <p>Production of ATP and NADPH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the photosynthesis process, what is produced as a byproduct during water splitting?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does chlorophyll play in photosynthesis?

    <p>It absorbs light energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During chemiosmosis in cellular respiration, how do protons (H+) flow back into the mitochondrial matrix?

    <p>By facilitated diffusion through ATP synthase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT directly involved in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total ATP yield from one glucose molecule after glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation?

    <p>32 ATPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements are primarily found in proteins?

    <p>Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of enzymes?

    <p>To catalyze biochemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of protein structure is characterized by the exact ordering of the amino acid sequence?

    <p>Primary Structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of water potential, how does water move?

    <p>From high to low water potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP?

    <p>Cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to solute movement in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>Solute moves out of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'tertiary structure' in proteins refer to?

    <p>The overall 3D shape of a protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct mathematical representation for solute potential?

    <p>屮S = -iCRT</p> Signup and view all the answers

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