Biology Overview Quiz

The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. It's like keeping your body temperature consistent.

A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water, making the solution more acidic. Think of a lemon's sour taste.

A substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water, making the solution more alkaline (basic). Think of soap.

A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. It helps maintain a stable pH. Like a balance.

The scale that measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. From 0 to 14, where 0 is most acidic and 14 is most basic.

The type of bond formed when atoms share electrons. Think of two friends sharing a toy.

The type of bond formed when one atom transfers an electron to another atom, creating oppositely charged ions that attract. Think of a magnet.

The basic unit of life, enclosed by a cell membrane and containing genetic material. Think of a tiny building block.

A membrane-bound organelle within a eukaryotic cell that is responsible for synthesizing proteins. Think of a protein factory.

A small, dense region within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that produces ribosomes. Think of the ribosome maker.

A type of lipid that acts as a long-term energy storage molecule and provides insulation. Think of stored energy.

A process in which glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen, releasing a small amount of energy. Think of partial energy release.

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored as glucose. Think of capturing sunlight energy.

A green pigment found in plants that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis. Think of the green color in plants.

The process by which cells break down glucose to release energy in the form of ATP. Think of burning fuel to get energy.

The basic building block of proteins, containing an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a side chain. Think of a protein Lego block.

The process of converting food molecules into energy that the cell can use. Think of metabolism.

A molecule that stores and releases energy in cells. Think of energy currency.

A type of membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for producing ATP. Think of the cellular power plant.

A type of passive transport that moves molecules across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Think of going downhill.

A type of passive transport that moves water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration. Think of water moving from high to low.

The process by which cells engulf large particles by wrapping their cell membrane around them. Think of a cell eating something big.

A type of membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles. Think of the cell's packaging and shipping center.

A type of lipid that makes up cell membranes and helps regulate membrane fluidity. Think of membrane flexibility.

The process by which DNA is copied to form mRNA. Think of copying a blueprint.

The process by which the genetic code in mRNA is used to build proteins. Think of building a protein from instructions.

Any substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the reaction. Think of a helper molecule.

A biological catalyst, typically a protein, that speeds up specific biochemical reactions. Think of specialized helpers.

A type of organic molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, found in sugars and starches. Think of energy source.

The variable that is changed or manipulated in an experiment.

A relationship where both organisms benefit from the interaction.

The highest level of organization in biology, encompassing all living organisms and their environments.

The ability of a substance to absorb heat without significantly changing its temperature.

A type of organelle in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for the synthesis of lipids, including steroids and phospholipids. It also plays a role in detoxification and calcium storage.

A molecule that is produced by the electron transport chain in cellular respiration, representing the final electron acceptor and a crucial byproduct of the process.

A type of weak bond formed between a hydrogen atom in one molecule and an electronegative atom (like oxygen or nitrogen) in another molecule. It is responsible for holding water molecules together and stabilizing the structure of proteins and DNA.

The primary energy currency of cells, used to power various cellular processes. It consists of a nitrogenous base (adenine), a sugar (ribose), and three phosphate groups.

The process by which the carbon atoms in atmospheric carbon dioxide are incorporated into organic molecules, primarily carbohydrates, by plants through photosynthesis.