Biology Chapter on Life Organization and Taxonomy

Which level of organization involves cells not organized into tissues?

All life functions within organisms at the cellular level occur within a single cell.

What are the two main components of an organ, based on the content?

The aggregation of like cells forms a ______.

Which of the following is NOT an organ system observed within animals?

The digestive system only consists of the gastrointestinal tract.

Match the following components with their related system.

Organs work together as a ______ to perform a function.

Which of the following is the correct order of taxonomic ranks from the broadest to the most specific?

Homoplasy accurately reflects common ancestry between organisms.

What is binomial nomenclature?

The study of evolutionary history and relationships among organisms is known as ______.

Match the following terms with their definitions:

What is a cladogram?

Which of the following best describes what a character is when constructing a phylogeny?

Outgroup comparison examines the polarity of a character state.

What is a synapomorphy?

Carolus Linnaeus developed the concept of phylogeny based on morphology.

Comparative _________ involves the study of gene and protein sequencing for phylogenetic information.

Which of the following terms refers to the evolutionary convergence of similar features not due to common ancestry?

Which type of tissue is specialized for the movement of organs?

Simple squamous epithelia are composed of short, boxlike cells.

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

What is the protein that is a major component of connective tissue?

Which of the following is NOT a source of phylogenetic information?

The two main types of cells in nervous tissue are neurons and ______.

Clades can include some but not all members of a common descendancy.

What is the character used to determine the clade of lizards, monkeys, and bears in the example?

Which of the following is an example of stratified squamous epithelia?

Blood is an example of connective tissue.

What is a key function of simple columnar epithelia?

Match the following tissue types with their key functions:

Which type of organism lacks a body cavity?

Pseudocoelomates have a true coelom lined with peritoneum.

What is the name of the body cavity found in coelomates?

The region between the ectoderm and gut in acoelomates is occupied by ______.

Match the body cavity type to its characteristic:

Which of the following best describes transitional epithelia?

Interstitial fluid is found within cells.

What type of symmetry has no body axis and no plane of symmetry?

Blood plasma is the fluid portion of blood that exists ______ cells.

Match the following types of symmetry with their characteristics:

Which of the following animals exhibits radial symmetry?

Loose connective tissue includes tendons, ligaments, and cartilage.

What is a characteristic of an animal with spherical symmetry?

What does a cladogram represent?

An outgroup comparison helps determine the ancestral and descendent relationship of a character state.

What is the term for a group of organisms that includes the most recent common ancestor and all of its descendants?

The presence or absence of a vertebral column is an example of a character state used to determine relationships, and is known as a character's ______.

Match the following sources of phylogenetic information with their description:

Comparative cytology can involve the study of both living and fossil material.

Which of the following is determined via outgroup comparison?

Which of the following are characteristics of coelomate organisms?

Nematodes are considered coelomates.

Organisms lacking a body cavity are referred to as what?

Organisms with bilateral symmetry have a distinct ________.

Which of the following groups exhibit bilateral symmetry most prominently?

Match the following animal groups with their respective body cavity types:

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a coelom?

Asymmetry is a type of body plan where there is a central axis, and any plane passing through it divides the body into mirror images.

What type of epithelium is specialized to accommodate stretching and found in the urinary tract and bladder?

The extracellular space refers to the fluid compartments within cells.

What are the two main fluid compartments found in multicellular animals?

The fluid portion of blood that exists outside cells is known as ______.

What does the term 'homoplasy' refer to in the context of phylogenetic analysis?

Binomial nomenclature assigns organisms a two-part name consisting of genus and species.

Who developed the hierarchical taxonomic framework used in animal classification?

The evolutionary history of a species or group of species is referred to as its ______.

Which of the following is NOT a mandatory rank in the taxonomic hierarchy?

Cladistics relies solely on morphological traits to establish phylogenetic relationships.

What is the significance of 'character' in the construction of a phylogeny?

Which of the following best describes the tissue-organ level of organization?

The organ-system level of organization consists of organs working independently.

Name one example of an organ system observed in animals.

The three levels of organization that categorize a multicellular organism include cellular, tissue, and _______.

Match the following organ systems with their primary function:

Which structure is NOT part of the digestive system?

The protoplasmic level of organization is characterized by cellular aggregation into tissues.

What is the primary role of parenchyma in an organ?