30 Questions
Which of the following best describes the biological components of the innate immune system?
Macrophages and natural killer cells
What is the mechanism of action of the complement system in the immune response?
Opsonization and lysis of pathogens
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves the recruitment of T lymphocytes?
Type IV
In humoral immune responses, which cell type is responsible for producing antibodies?
Plasma cells
What are the primary causes of immunodeficiency?
Genetic mutations and exposure to environmental toxins
Which cellular component is involved in the innate immune response to infections?
Natural killer cells
Which of the following characteristics is NOT a key feature of the immune system?
Non-specificity
What type of immunity requires exposure to an antigen in order to become activated?
Adaptive immunity
The identity of the foreign material that led to the first immune response is remembered, conferring long-term immunity against infections. Which key feature of the immune system does this describe?
Memory
Which category of pathogens includes viruses, bacteria, mycobacteria, parasites, and fungi?
Exogenous pathogens
Which book and edition are recommended for further reading on this topic?
Robbins Basic Pathology, 11th Edition
Which science examines the structure and function of the immune system?
Immunology
Which phase of the immune reaction is mediated through multiple pathways that act synergistically for optimal effect?
Amplification phase
What characteristic enables the immune system to distinguish between normal self, altered self, and non-self (foreign material)?
Recognition
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves the formation of immune complexes and activation of the complement system?
Type III
What is the cell type responsible for antigen presentation in the immune system?
Macrophage
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the innate immune system?
Memory response
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by the involvement of T lymphocytes and delayed onset of symptoms?
Type IV
Which component of the immune system is responsible for producing antibodies in response to antigens?
B lymphocyte
Which category of pathogens includes helminths, protozoa, and ectoparasites?
Parasitic pathogens
Which characteristic of the immune system involves the ability to control the type, intensity, and duration of the immune reaction?
Regulation
What confers long-term immunity against infections by enabling an accelerated reaction during the secondary immune response?
Memory
Which type of immunity does not require prior exposure to a microbe to mount an immune response?
Innate immunity
Which type of pathogens include viruses, bacteria, mycobacteria, parasites, and fungi?
Microbial pathogens
What is the primary function of the innate immune system?
To mount an immediate response to pathogens
Which cell type is responsible for producing antibodies in humoral immune responses?
B lymphocytes
Which characteristic allows the immune system to distinguish between normal self, altered self, and non-self (foreign material)?
Recognition
Which phase of the immune reaction is mediated through multiple pathways that act synergistically for optimal effect?
Amplification phase
What science examines the structure and function of the immune system?
Immunology
What are the general characteristics of immunity?
The ability to control the type, intensity, and duration of the reaction; specificity; regulation; amplification; and memory.
Review the biology of the immune system and its components. Learn to define immunity and immunology, understand the differences between innate and acquired immunity, and describe the cellular, biological, and chemical components of the immune system.
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