16 Questions
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
To provide energy for cellular activity
What is the role of ATP in the body?
To capture and synthesize energy from food digestion
What is the by-product of glycolysis?
Lactic acid
What is the duration of activity supported by ATP-PC?
10-15 seconds
What is the type of physical activity that utilizes ATP-PC?
Quick and intense
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic activity?
Aerobic activity occurs in slow-twitch muscle fibers, while anaerobic activity occurs in fast-twitch muscle fibers
What is the energy source for cellular respiration?
Glucose, lipids, and protein
How many molecules of ATP are produced in cellular respiration?
38
Which of the following is a characteristic of aerobic activity?
It occurs in slow-twitch muscle fibres with the use of oxygen
What is the primary source of energy for ATP re-synthesis during high-intensity activities?
Kreatin Phosphate
Which metabolic pathway produces the most ATP molecules per glucose molecule?
Cellular Respiration
What is the primary function of lipids in cellular respiration?
To provide energy for cellular respiration
What is the by-product of complete glucose breakdown in cellular respiration?
Water and carbon dioxide
Which of the following is a characteristic of anaerobic activity?
It occurs in fast-twitch muscle fibres without oxygen
What is the primary difference between ATP-PC and glycolysis?
Duration of activity supported
Which metabolic pathway is used to rapidly re-synthesize ATP during high-intensity activities?
ATP-PC
Study Notes
Nutrients and Energy
- Nutrients are chemical substances found in food that provide energy, repair and maintain tissue, and regulate cellular activity.
- There are three main types of nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
Carbohydrates
- Carbohydrates are the body's main form of energy, powering cellular activity and building cell membranes.
- They come from glucose and starches, and are primarily absorbed as glucose and stored in the skeletal system and the liver as glycogen.
- Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) captures and synthesizes the energy from food digestion into a universal form of energy that powers muscle contractions and physiological functions.
ATP and Energy Production
- ATP is used up quickly and needs to be re-synthesized by aerobic or anaerobic pathways.
- ATP-PC, glycolysis, and cellular respiration are three metabolic pathways that produce ATP.
Metabolic Pathways
- ATP-PC: occurs in the cytoplasm, uses creatine phosphate as an energy source, produces 1 ATP molecule, and is used for quick and intense activities (10-15 seconds).
- Glycolysis: occurs in the cytoplasm, uses glucose as an energy source, produces 4 ATP molecules, and is used for intermediate activities (15 seconds to 3 minutes).
- Cellular Respiration: occurs in the cytoplasm, uses glucose, lipids, and protein as energy sources, produces 38 ATP molecules, and is used for endurance activities (2-3+ minutes).
Aerobic vs Anaerobic
- Anaerobic activity: occurs in fast-twitch muscle fibers without oxygen, produces short-lived but powerful energy, and is used for quick and intense activities.
- Aerobic activity: occurs in slow-twitch muscle fibers with the use of oxygen, leads to the complete breakdown of glucose, and is used for endurance activities.
Nutrients and Energy
- Nutrients are chemical substances found in food that provide energy, repair and maintain tissue, and regulate cellular activity.
- There are three main types of nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
Carbohydrates
- Carbohydrates are the body's main form of energy, powering cellular activity and building cell membranes.
- They come from glucose and starches, and are primarily absorbed as glucose and stored in the skeletal system and the liver as glycogen.
- Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) captures and synthesizes the energy from food digestion into a universal form of energy that powers muscle contractions and physiological functions.
ATP and Energy Production
- ATP is used up quickly and needs to be re-synthesized by aerobic or anaerobic pathways.
- ATP-PC, glycolysis, and cellular respiration are three metabolic pathways that produce ATP.
Metabolic Pathways
- ATP-PC: occurs in the cytoplasm, uses creatine phosphate as an energy source, produces 1 ATP molecule, and is used for quick and intense activities (10-15 seconds).
- Glycolysis: occurs in the cytoplasm, uses glucose as an energy source, produces 4 ATP molecules, and is used for intermediate activities (15 seconds to 3 minutes).
- Cellular Respiration: occurs in the cytoplasm, uses glucose, lipids, and protein as energy sources, produces 38 ATP molecules, and is used for endurance activities (2-3+ minutes).
Aerobic vs Anaerobic
- Anaerobic activity: occurs in fast-twitch muscle fibers without oxygen, produces short-lived but powerful energy, and is used for quick and intense activities.
- Aerobic activity: occurs in slow-twitch muscle fibers with the use of oxygen, leads to the complete breakdown of glucose, and is used for endurance activities.
Learn about the different types of nutrients, their functions, and how they provide energy to the body. This quiz covers carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, and how they are absorbed and utilized by the body.
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