Biology: Microorganisms and Viruses
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of fungi?

  • They absorb nutrients from their environments (correct)
  • They are acellular entities
  • They only carry out functions of living organisms outside of living cells
  • They are the smallest of all microorganisms

What is a common feature of viruses and microorganisms?

  • They can cause diseases in plants, animals, and humans (correct)
  • They are all multicellular
  • They are all beneficial to humans
  • They are all visible to the naked eye

What is unique about the size of viruses compared to bacteria?

  • Viruses are larger than bacteria
  • Viruses are only found inside bacteria
  • Viruses are the same size as bacteria
  • Viruses are smaller than bacteria (correct)

Why can viruses only be seen with an electron microscope?

<p>Because they are too small to be seen with a regular microscope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What innovation allowed for the study of microorganisms?

<p>The advent of the microscope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of microorganisms in their natural environment called?

<p>Microbial Ecology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of microscope is used to observe living unstained cells?

<p>Dark Field Microscope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the microscope that forms a dark image against a brighter background?

<p>Bright Field Microscope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many general methods are used for preparing specimens for light microscope examination?

<p>2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of microscope converts slight differences in refractive index and cell density into easily detected variations in light intensity?

<p>Phase-Contrast Microscope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the microscope that exposes a specimen to ultraviolet, violet or blue light and forms an image of the object with resulting fluorescent light?

<p>Fluorescent Microscope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What temperature is held for 30 minutes in the process of Pasteurization?

<p>62.8OC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed vaccines for the diseases anthrax, fowl cholera, and rabies?

<p>Louis Pasteur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who postulated the Germ Theory of Disease?

<p>Louis Pasteur (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What era of Microbiology was ushered in by Louis Pasteur's work?

<p>Golden Age (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed a system of surgery designed to prevent microorganisms from entering wounds?

<p>Joseph Lister (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who established the relationship between Bacillus anthracis and the disease it causes, anthrax?

<p>Robert Koch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a virus made up of a nucleocapsid surrounded by a flexible membrane called?

<p>Envelope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of RNA genomes do plant viruses have?

<p>Single stranded (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to accurately study virus structure, reproduction, and other aspects of their biology?

<p>Double purification and assays (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of viral purification?

<p>To get or isolate the viral particle in its pure state (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the methods used to isolate and purify viruses?

<p>Enzymatic digestion of host cells constituents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the quantity of viruses in a sample be determined?

<p>Either directly by counting particle numbers using the electron microscope or indirectly by measurement of an observable effect of the virus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism causes filariasis?

<p>Nematodes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is credited with discovering that alcoholic fermentation was catalyzed by living yeast cells?

<p>Louis Pasteur (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of prokaryotic microbial cells?

<p>They lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What field of study focuses on the structure of microbial cells?

<p>Microbial Cytology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic microorganisms?

<p>They are prokaryotic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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