Biology: Microorganisms and Viruses
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of fungi?

  • They absorb nutrients from their environments (correct)
  • They are acellular entities
  • They only carry out functions of living organisms outside of living cells
  • They are the smallest of all microorganisms

    • What is a common feature of viruses and microorganisms?

  • They can cause diseases in plants, animals, and humans (correct)
  • They are all multicellular
  • They are all beneficial to humans
  • They are all visible to the naked eye

    • What is unique about the size of viruses compared to bacteria?

  • Viruses are larger than bacteria
  • Viruses are only found inside bacteria
  • Viruses are the same size as bacteria
  • Viruses are smaller than bacteria (correct)

    • Why can viruses only be seen with an electron microscope?

    <p>Because they are too small to be seen with a regular microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What innovation allowed for the study of microorganisms?

    <p>The advent of the microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of microorganisms in their natural environment called?

    <p>Microbial Ecology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microscope is used to observe living unstained cells?

    <p>Dark Field Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the microscope that forms a dark image against a brighter background?

    <p>Bright Field Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many general methods are used for preparing specimens for light microscope examination?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microscope converts slight differences in refractive index and cell density into easily detected variations in light intensity?

    <p>Phase-Contrast Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the microscope that exposes a specimen to ultraviolet, violet or blue light and forms an image of the object with resulting fluorescent light?

    <p>Fluorescent Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What temperature is held for 30 minutes in the process of Pasteurization?

    <p>62.8OC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed vaccines for the diseases anthrax, fowl cholera, and rabies?

    <p>Louis Pasteur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who postulated the Germ Theory of Disease?

    <p>Louis Pasteur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What era of Microbiology was ushered in by Louis Pasteur's work?

    <p>Golden Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed a system of surgery designed to prevent microorganisms from entering wounds?

    <p>Joseph Lister</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who established the relationship between Bacillus anthracis and the disease it causes, anthrax?

    <p>Robert Koch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a virus made up of a nucleocapsid surrounded by a flexible membrane called?

    <p>Envelope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of RNA genomes do plant viruses have?

    <p>Single stranded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary to accurately study virus structure, reproduction, and other aspects of their biology?

    <p>Double purification and assays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of viral purification?

    <p>To get or isolate the viral particle in its pure state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the methods used to isolate and purify viruses?

    <p>Enzymatic digestion of host cells constituents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the quantity of viruses in a sample be determined?

    <p>Either directly by counting particle numbers using the electron microscope or indirectly by measurement of an observable effect of the virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organism causes filariasis?

    <p>Nematodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is credited with discovering that alcoholic fermentation was catalyzed by living yeast cells?

    <p>Louis Pasteur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of prokaryotic microbial cells?

    <p>They lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What field of study focuses on the structure of microbial cells?

    <p>Microbial Cytology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic microorganisms?

    <p>They are prokaryotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

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