Questions and Answers
Meiosis I produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
Two...Haploid
Meiosis II typically produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
Four...Haploid
During _____ sister chromatids separate.
anaphase II
At the end of _____ and cytokinesis, haploid cells contain chromosomes that each consist of two sister chromatids.
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Synapsis occurs during _____.
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Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during _____.
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During _____ chromosomes align single file along the equator of a haploid cell.
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At the end of _____ and cytokinesis there are four haploid cells.
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During _____ a spindle forms in a haploid cell.
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What happens to DNA content and ploidy levels during meiosis I and meiosis II?
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What processes lead to most genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?
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Study Notes
Meiosis Overview
- Meiosis consists of two main stages: Meiosis I and Meiosis II, resulting in halved chromosome numbers.
Meiosis I
- Meiosis I produces two haploid cells, each containing chromosomes made up of two sister chromatids.
- Synapsis occurs during prophase I, where homologous chromosomes pair up.
- Homologous chromosomes move to opposite poles during anaphase I.
- At the end of telophase I and cytokinesis, there are two haploid cells, each still having sister chromatids.
Meiosis II
- Meiosis II typically produces four haploid cells with chromosomes, each made up of sister chromatids.
- A spindle apparatus forms during prophase II in each haploid cell.
- Chromosomes align single file along the equator during metaphase II, similar to mitotic metaphase but in haploid cells.
- Sister chromatids separate during anaphase II.
- Telophase II and cytokinesis result in four haploid cells with individual chromosomes.
DNA Content and Ploidy
- DNA content is halved during both Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
- Ploidy changes from diploid to haploid in Meiosis I, maintaining a haploid state in Meiosis II.
Genetic Variation
- Key processes that contribute to genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms include:
- Crossing over during prophase I.
- Independent assortment of chromosomes during Meiosis I.
- Random fertilization of gametes.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge on meiosis with these flashcards from Chapter 10. Learn about the processes of Meiosis I and II, the number of cells produced, and key phases such as anaphase II. Perfect for studying and reinforcing key concepts related to cell division.
