Biology Meiosis and Genetics Quiz

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During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur, leading to genetic diversity?

Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telophase I
Prophase I (correct)

What is the primary function of the leaves in a plant?

Carry out photosynthesis to produce food (correct)
Absorb water and nutrients from the soil
Provide structural support for the plant
Store excess water and nutrients

Which of the following structures is responsible for the transport of water and nutrients throughout a plant?

Xylem (correct)
Phloem
Epidermis
Cambium

What is the process called that involves the rhythmic contractions of muscles in the digestive tract, moving food along?

Peristalsis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following valves is responsible for preventing backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium?

Tricuspid valve (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between complete dominance and incomplete dominance?

In incomplete dominance, the dominant allele does not fully mask the effects of the recessive allele. (D) Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?

Prophase I (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic disorder is characterized by the presence of an extra chromosome 21?

Down's syndrome (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a mutation occurring in mitosis versus meiosis?

Mutations in mitosis can lead to cancer, while mutations in meiosis affect only the individual. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?

Human wisdom teeth (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation?

Allopatric speciation occurs due to geographical separation, while sympatric speciation occurs without geographical barriers. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the Bottleneck effect?

A population's size is dramatically reduced, leading to a loss of genetic diversity. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes directional selection?

It promotes the survival of individuals with extreme phenotypes. (C) Signup and view all the answers

During inhalation, which of the following events occurs first?

The intercostal muscles contract, expanding the rib cage. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has the greatest effect on an individual's breathing rate?

The level of carbon dioxide in the blood. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do viruses differ from living organisms?

Viruses do not possess cellular structures. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the systemic circulation, what structure does blood travel through after the left ventricle?

Aorta (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly lists the order of taxa starting from the domain to species?

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Species (A) Signup and view all the answers

Mitosis

The process of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Mitosis

Cell division that produces two daughter cells, each identical to the parent cell. It's involved in growth and repair.

Meiosis

The process of cell division that produces four non-identical gametes (sex cells) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Meiosis

Cell division that produces four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It's involved in sexual reproduction.