Biology: Macromolecules and Organic Compounds

<p>Amino Acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Makes up the cell membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They speed up chemical reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>From existing cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It controls what enters and exits the cell. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making ribosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chloroplast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide structural support and cell shape (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concentration of solutes is higher outside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Passive transport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Packaging proteins for transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Swell or possibly burst (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryotic cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ATP Production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facilitated Diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The combination of a solute and a solvent. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>S phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epithelial (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>23 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active transport (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kidney (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controlling the intake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forming blood clots (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To absorb light energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Removing waste from cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide and water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To increase nutrient absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metaphase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ATP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide energy for cell activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Helps the lungs pull in air and push it out (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endocytosis forms vesicles to bring material into cells, while exocytosis expels substances using vesicles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phagocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Circulatory System (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aerobic respiration uses oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>New chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactic acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Returns deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis and cellular respiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chloroplasts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controlling the stomata openings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Detoxifying the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nephron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Motor nerves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiac muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Connecting bones together at joints (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epidermis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymph Nodes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acting as chemical messengers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collecting fluid and fighting infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fertilization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provide structure and protection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cool the body through perspiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relaying information between the brain and body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prevent pathogens from attaching (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintain homeostasis by regulating hormone levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The smallest unit of matter that retains all the properties of that element. They are composed of subatomic particles: electrons, protons, and neutrons.

Different types of atoms based on the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons they contain.

Molecules that do not contain the element carbon.

Molecules that contain the element carbon.

Small molecules that can join together to form larger molecules.

Large molecules made up of repeating monomers.

Special proteins that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They act as biological catalysts.

The basic unit of life. All living things are composed of one or more cells.

A cell with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Found in animals, plants, fungi, and protists.

A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function.

The control center of the cell, containing DNA, which directs all cell activities.

The outer boundary of the cell, controlling what enters and leaves.

A jelly-like fluid that fills the cell, providing support for organelles.

A network of protein fibers that provides structural support and helps the cell maintain its shape.

Breaks down waste and recycles old cell parts.

Converts food into usable energy (ATP) for cell functions.

Stores food, water, and waste for the cell.

Small sacs that transport materials around the cell.

A network of membranes that produces proteins and transports them throughout the cell.

Synthesizes proteins.

Packages proteins and lipids to be sent out of the cell.

A type of passive transport where molecules move across the cell membrane without using energy.

The cell cycle is the process by which cells grow and divide, consisting of two main stages: interphase and mitosis.

Interphase is the stage where the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for division.

Mitosis is the division of the nucleus, resulting in two identical daughter cells each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Prophase is the first stage of mitosis where the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes.

Metaphase is the stage where chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell, attached to the spindle fibers.

Anaphase is the stage where sister chromatids are pulled apart by the spindle fibers towards opposite ends of the cell.

Telophase is the last stage of mitosis where the nuclear membrane reforms around each set of chromosomes, resulting in two distinct nuclei.

Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm, resulting in two distinct daughter cells.

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without requiring energy.

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, requiring energy.

A process where the cell engulfs substances by folding its membrane around them, forming a vesicle that brings the material inside the cell.

A type of endocytosis where large particles, like bacteria, are engulfed by the cell.

A type of endocytosis where the cell takes in fluid and dissolved substances.

The process where substances inside the cell are released to the outside, occurring when a vesicle containing the material fuses with the cell membrane and expels the contents.

The process by which plants make their own food using carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight.

The site of photosynthesis in plant cells, containing chlorophyll.

Guard cells on the underside of leaves that open and close to allow CO2 and O2 in and out.

The breakdown of glucose by animal and plant cells to release energy for use in the cell.

The organelle where cellular respiration occurs.

The energy carrier molecule used by cells, releasing energy when the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate is broken.

The process of breaking down glucose with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy.

The process of breaking down glucose without oxygen, releasing a smaller amount of energy.

The process by which cells divide, allowing for growth, repair, and reproduction.

The main detoxifying organ in the body.

It carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

The basic filtering unit of the kidney, removing waste and water from the blood.

It removes carbon dioxide from the blood and exchanges it for oxygen.

The skin helps remove waste by releasing salt and excess water through sweat glands.

A long bundle of nerves inside your spinal column that helps to transmit messages between the brain and the body.

The brain and spinal cord together form the central nervous system.

The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves that branch out from the central nervous system throughout the body.

Sensory nerves carry signals from your senses (touch, taste, smell, sight) to your brain.

Motor nerves carry signals from your brain to your muscles, helping you move.

The basic unit of the nervous system that transmits signals.

The muscular system is responsible for movement through muscle contractions, both voluntary and involuntary.

This type of muscle is found in internal organs and its movements are involuntary.

This type of muscle is also known as striated muscle and works with tendons, ligaments, and bones.

Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and is responsible for making your heart beat.