28 Questions
During which phase of the cell cycle does the replication of chromosomes occur?
S
What is the primary difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are exact copies, while sexual reproduction produces offspring with unique combinations of genes.
What is the result of cytokinesis in the cell cycle?
The separation of the two daughter cells
How many steps are involved in the process of mitosis?
5
What is the term for the process of producing offspring that are exact copies of themselves?
Asexual reproduction
What would happen if an egg with 46 chromosomes combined with a sperm with 46 chromosomes during conception?
The child would have 92 chromosomes per cell.
What is the term for a cell with one set of chromosomes?
Haploid
What is the term for a pair of chromosomes that have the same genes but may have different alleles?
Homologous chromosomes
What is the number of chromosomes in a human somatic cell?
46
What is the term for alternative versions of a gene that may produce distinguishable differences in an individual's appearance or behavior?
Allele
What is the term for cells with two sets of chromosomes?
Diploid
What is the primary difference between offspring produced by sexual reproduction and a clone?
Offspring produced by sexual reproduction vary genetically from their siblings and parents.
What is the total number of possible chromosome combinations in humans during independent assortment?
Over 8.4 million
How many chromosomes do human somatic cells have?
46
What is the purpose of mitosis in the cell division process?
To ensure that each daughter cell gets an exact copy of the genetic information.
What is the result of crossing over during meiosis?
Chromosomes exchange genetic material
What is the result of meiosis in the formation of gametes?
Gametes with half the number of chromosomes and genetically different.
How does random fertilization contribute to genetic variation?
It increases the number of possible diploid combinations
What is the primary source of different alleles in a population?
Mutation
Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction?
To produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes and introduce genetic variation.
What is the main difference between meiosis and mitosis in terms of DNA replication?
DNA replication occurs only once during interphase before meiosis I
What is the term for the physical manifestation of crossing over during meiosis?
Chiasma
What is the main function of meiosis?
To convert diploid precursor cells into haploid sex cells
During prophase I of meiosis, what happens to the nucleolus and nuclear membrane?
They disappear
What is the term for the process where homologous chromosomes come together and exchange genetic material?
Synapsis
What is the ploidy of the daughter cells produced after meiosis I?
Diploid (2n)
How many sets of chromosomes do somatic cells have in each cell?
Two sets of 23 chromosomes
What is the result of cytokinesis in meiosis?
Four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
Review the concepts of meiosis and the different phases of the cell cycle, including interphase, mitotic phase, and cytokinesis. This quiz covers asexual and sexual reproduction, and the processes of chromosome copying and distribution.
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