Biology Lecture 9: Meiosis and Cell Cycle Phases
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Questions and Answers

During which phase of the cell cycle does the replication of chromosomes occur?

  • G1
  • Mitosis
  • G2
  • S (correct)

    • What is the primary difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?

  • Asexual reproduction produces offspring with unique combinations of genes, while sexual reproduction produces offspring that are exact copies.
  • Asexual reproduction involves two parents, while sexual reproduction involves one parent.
  • Asexual reproduction involves one parent, while sexual reproduction involves two parents.
  • Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are exact copies, while sexual reproduction produces offspring with unique combinations of genes. (correct)

    • What is the result of cytokinesis in the cell cycle?

  • The separation of the two daughter cells (correct)
  • The replication of DNA
  • The distribution of chromosomes
  • The separation of chromosomes

    • How many steps are involved in the process of mitosis?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of producing offspring that are exact copies of themselves?

    <p>Asexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if an egg with 46 chromosomes combined with a sperm with 46 chromosomes during conception?

    <p>The child would have 92 chromosomes per cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a cell with one set of chromosomes?

    <p>Haploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a pair of chromosomes that have the same genes but may have different alleles?

    <p>Homologous chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of chromosomes in a human somatic cell?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for alternative versions of a gene that may produce distinguishable differences in an individual's appearance or behavior?

    <p>Allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for cells with two sets of chromosomes?

    <p>Diploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between offspring produced by sexual reproduction and a clone?

    <p>Offspring produced by sexual reproduction vary genetically from their siblings and parents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of possible chromosome combinations in humans during independent assortment?

    <p>Over 8.4 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many chromosomes do human somatic cells have?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of mitosis in the cell division process?

    <p>To ensure that each daughter cell gets an exact copy of the genetic information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of crossing over during meiosis?

    <p>Chromosomes exchange genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of meiosis in the formation of gametes?

    <p>Gametes with half the number of chromosomes and genetically different.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does random fertilization contribute to genetic variation?

    <p>It increases the number of possible diploid combinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of different alleles in a population?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is meiosis necessary for sexual reproduction?

    <p>To produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes and introduce genetic variation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between meiosis and mitosis in terms of DNA replication?

    <p>DNA replication occurs only once during interphase before meiosis I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the physical manifestation of crossing over during meiosis?

    <p>Chiasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of meiosis?

    <p>To convert diploid precursor cells into haploid sex cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During prophase I of meiosis, what happens to the nucleolus and nuclear membrane?

    <p>They disappear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process where homologous chromosomes come together and exchange genetic material?

    <p>Synapsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ploidy of the daughter cells produced after meiosis I?

    <p>Diploid (2n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sets of chromosomes do somatic cells have in each cell?

    <p>Two sets of 23 chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of cytokinesis in meiosis?

    <p>Four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

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