Biology II - BIOL 110: Structure of a Kidney
30 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the reason for the high blood pressure in the glomerulus?

  • The afferent arteriole is narrower than the efferent arteriole
  • The blood vessels surrounding the glomerulus are compressed
  • The glomerulus is located in a region with low blood pressure
  • The efferent arteriole is much narrower than the afferent arteriole (correct)

    • What percentage of the filtered fluid is reabsorbed back into the blood?

  • 10%
  • 50%
  • 99%
  • 90% (correct)

    • What is the primary function of tubular reabsorption?

  • To increase blood pressure in the glomerulus
  • To remove waste products from the blood
  • To produce urine
  • To return filtered water and solutes to the blood (correct)

    • What is the approximate amount of fluid filtered by the kidneys per day?

    <p>180 liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the filtered fluid (filtrate)?

    <p>Water and small solutes, but no proteins or blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the filtered fluid is actually excreted as final urine?

    <p>1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of substances are secreted in the tubular secretion process?

    <p>Toxic, foreign substances, and waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does most tubular secretion occur?

    <p>Distal tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of the tubular secretion of hydrogen ions?

    <p>Regulation of blood pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the permeability characteristics of the loop of Henle?

    <p>Increase the concentration of solute and ions in the medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the increasing hypertonicity of the medullary tissue?

    <p>Decrease in water reabsorption and concentration of urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall function of the processes involved in the formation of urine?

    <p>Maintenance of homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the efferent arteriole?

    <p>To leave the glomerular capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nephron is responsible for connecting the loop of Henle to a collecting duct?

    <p>Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the blood vessels that supply the loop of Henle and collecting ducts within the medulla?

    <p>Vasa recta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that branches to serve nephrons?

    <p>Renal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the peritubular capillaries?

    <p>To form a network around the PCT, DCT, and parts of collecting ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the region where the collecting ducts ultimately reach?

    <p>Renal pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the production of urine?

    <p>Increase water reabsorption by inducing aquaporins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the collecting duct when ADH release is inhibited?

    <p>It becomes less permeable to water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of excess water intake on blood pressure?

    <p>It increases blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the ion concentrations in the blood and body fluids when there is too little water in the body?

    <p>They increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of water reabsorption in the collecting duct when ADH is present?

    <p>Passive diffusion due to hypertonicity of the medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of producing concentrated urine?

    <p>Conservation of water and decrease in blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of diuretic drugs?

    <p>To reduce blood volume and blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is a mild diuretic that inhibits sodium reabsorption?

    <p>Caffeine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary regulator of water balance and most excess solutes in the body?

    <p>The kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional unit of the kidneys?

    <p>Nephron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the glomerulus in the kidneys?

    <p>To filter waste and excess solutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a part of the urinary system?

    <p>The liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser