Biology: Fertilization Process
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the acrosomal reaction during fertilization?

  • To release enzymes that penetrate the corona radiata and zona pellucida (correct)
  • To stimulate the capacitation of sperm
  • To facilitate the fusion of sperm and oocyte nuclei
  • To prevent the penetration of multiple sperm into the oocyte

What is the term for the process by which a sperm penetrates the corona radiata and zona pellucida to reach the oocyte's plasma membrane?

  • Fertilization
  • Acrosomal reaction
  • Capacitation
  • Penetration (correct)

What is the primary function of the zona pellucida?

  • To facilitate the capacitation of sperm
  • To facilitate the fusion of sperm and oocyte nuclei
  • To provide a barrier against the penetration of multiple sperm (correct)
  • To nourish the oocyte during fertilization

What is the term for the stage of development during which the fertilized oocyte undergoes several cell divisions without significant growth?

<p>Pre-embryonic stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the placenta during embryonic development?

<p>To provide nourishment to the embryo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the layer of cells that surrounds the embryo and provides protection and nourishment?

<p>Amnion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the yolk sac during embryonic development?

<p>To provide nourishment to the embryo (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the embryonic cells undergo a series of complex transformations to form the three primary germ layers?

<p>Embryogenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the stage of development during which the embryo undergoes rapid growth and differentiation?

<p>Embryonic stage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the abnormal implantation of the blastocyst in a location outside of the uterus?

<p>Ectopic pregnancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances require active transport across the placenta?

<p>Amino acids and iron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does sexual differentiation typically begin?

<p>Weeks 9-12 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of relaxin during pregnancy?

<p>Loosens the pelvis and dilates the cervix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes an increase in appetite during pregnancy?

<p>Increased production of thyroid hormone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the probable cause of nausea and vomiting during early pregnancy?

<p>Increased levels of progesterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the plug of mucus that covers the cervix and is expelled along with a small amount of blood before labor?

<p>Bloody show (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of prolactin in lactation?

<p>Establishing and maintaining the supply of breast milk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the mixing of alleles in a heterozygous individual?

<p>Codominance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in the heart after birth to adjust to extrauterine life?

<p>The foramen ovale closes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of colostrum production in the first 72 hours after birth?

<p>To provide passive immunity to the infant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for someone who carries a recessive gene that can be passed on?

<p>Carrier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to the uterus after childbirth?

<p>It reduces to its pre-pregnancy size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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