22 Questions
What is the primary function of the acrosomal reaction during fertilization?
To release enzymes that penetrate the corona radiata and zona pellucida
What is the term for the process by which a sperm penetrates the corona radiata and zona pellucida to reach the oocyte's plasma membrane?
Penetration
What is the primary function of the zona pellucida?
To provide a barrier against the penetration of multiple sperm
What is the term for the stage of development during which the fertilized oocyte undergoes several cell divisions without significant growth?
Pre-embryonic stage
What is the primary function of the placenta during embryonic development?
To provide nourishment to the embryo
What is the term for the layer of cells that surrounds the embryo and provides protection and nourishment?
Amnion
What is the primary function of the yolk sac during embryonic development?
To provide nourishment to the embryo
What is the term for the process by which the embryonic cells undergo a series of complex transformations to form the three primary germ layers?
Embryogenesis
What is the term for the stage of development during which the embryo undergoes rapid growth and differentiation?
Embryonic stage
What is the term for the abnormal implantation of the blastocyst in a location outside of the uterus?
Ectopic pregnancy
Which of the following substances require active transport across the placenta?
Amino acids and iron
When does sexual differentiation typically begin?
Weeks 9-12
What is the function of relaxin during pregnancy?
Loosens the pelvis and dilates the cervix
What causes an increase in appetite during pregnancy?
Increased production of thyroid hormone
What is the probable cause of nausea and vomiting during early pregnancy?
Increased levels of progesterone
What is the term for the plug of mucus that covers the cervix and is expelled along with a small amount of blood before labor?
Bloody show
What is the primary function of prolactin in lactation?
Establishing and maintaining the supply of breast milk
What is the term for the mixing of alleles in a heterozygous individual?
Codominance
What occurs in the heart after birth to adjust to extrauterine life?
The foramen ovale closes
What is the primary purpose of colostrum production in the first 72 hours after birth?
To provide passive immunity to the infant
What is the term for someone who carries a recessive gene that can be passed on?
Carrier
What occurs to the uterus after childbirth?
It reduces to its pre-pregnancy size
Learn about the process of fertilization, where sperm and oocyte combine, and their nuclei fuse to form a zygote. Discover how sperm are killed during fertilization and what happens to the surviving ones.
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