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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of fertilization?
What is the primary purpose of fertilization?
- To increase the chance of genetic mutations
- To produce multiple offspring at once
- To create a new individual with a unique combination of traits (correct)
- To ensure the survival of a single species
What is the term for the process by which a sperm prepares for fertilization?
What is the term for the process by which a sperm prepares for fertilization?
- Fusion of Gametes
- Sperm Capacitation (correct)
- Sperm-Zona Binding
- Acrosome Reaction
What is the result of the Fusion of Gametes step in fertilization?
What is the result of the Fusion of Gametes step in fertilization?
- The formation of two identical cells
- The activation of the sperm's nucleus
- The release of enzymes from the sperm
- The creation of a single cell with a complete set of chromosomes (correct)
What type of fertilization occurs in aquatic animals?
What type of fertilization occurs in aquatic animals?
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What is one of the importance of fertilization?
What is one of the importance of fertilization?
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What is the final step of fertilization?
What is the final step of fertilization?
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Study Notes
Definition and Purpose
- Fertilization: the process by which a sperm fertilizes an egg, resulting in the formation of a zygote
- Purpose: to combine genetic material from two parents to create a new individual with a unique combination of traits
Steps of Fertilization
- Sperm Capacitation: sperm undergoes physiological changes to prepare for fertilization
- Sperm-Zona Binding: sperm binds to the outer layer of the egg (zona pellucida)
- Acrosome Reaction: sperm releases enzymes to penetrate the zona pellucida
- Fusion of Gametes: sperm nucleus fuses with the egg nucleus
- Zygote Formation: a single cell with a complete set of chromosomes is formed
Types of Fertilization
- External Fertilization: occurs outside the body, typical in aquatic animals
- Internal Fertilization: occurs inside the body, typical in terrestrial animals
Importance of Fertilization
- Ensures genetic diversity through the mixing of genetic material
- Allows for the creation of offspring with a unique combination of traits
- Crucial for the continuation of a species
Fertilization
- Fertilization is the process by which a sperm fertilizes an egg, resulting in the formation of a zygote, combining genetic material from two parents to create a new individual with a unique combination of traits.
Steps of Fertilization
- Sperm undergoes physiological changes to prepare for fertilization through sperm capacitation.
- Sperm binds to the outer layer of the egg (zona pellucida) through sperm-zona binding.
- Sperm releases enzymes to penetrate the zona pellucida through the acrosome reaction.
- The sperm nucleus fuses with the egg nucleus through fusion of gametes.
- A single cell with a complete set of chromosomes is formed through zygote formation.
Types of Fertilization
- External fertilization occurs outside the body, typically in aquatic animals.
- Internal fertilization occurs inside the body, typically in terrestrial animals.
Importance of Fertilization
- Ensures genetic diversity through the mixing of genetic material from two parents.
- Allows for the creation of offspring with a unique combination of traits.
- Is crucial for the continuation of a species.
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