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Biology Exam: Cellular Energy

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Questions and Answers

What is a difference between ATP and ADP molecules?

ADP can be used to directly power movement, while ATP cannot.

ATP has three phosphate groups, while ADP has two phosphate groups. (correct)

ADP is only made in plants, while ATP is made in both plants and animals.

ATP molecules provide less energy to the cell than ADP molecules.

Which of the following processes releases energy to be used by a cell?

A phosphate group is added to ATP to form ADP.

A phosphate group is removed from ADP to form ATP.

A phosphate group is removed from ATP to form ADP. (correct)

A phosphate group is added to ADP to form ATP.

Why do cells use fat and starch for long-term energy storage instead of ATP molecules?

ATP is used for long-term storage, while fat and starch are used for immediate energy.

ATP is used for short-term energy and to build molecules of starch and fat. (correct)

Fat and starch are stable if used as energy immediately, while ATP is used as long-term storage.

Fat and starch are unstable and can be stored short-term, while ATP molecules are stable and stored long-term.

The immediate source of energy that powers a cell's activities is?

<p>adenosine triphosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What molecules can be used for long-term energy storage?

<p>Starch and fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

ATP vs. ADP

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) contains three phosphate groups.
ADP (adenosine diphosphate) has two phosphate groups.
ATP is crucial for immediate energy transfer, while ADP serves as a lower-energy molecule.

Energy Release Process

Cells release energy by removing a phosphate group from ATP, converting it to ADP.
This process provides energy necessary for various cellular functions.

Energy Storage

ATP is suitable for short-term energy, powering immediate cell activities.
Fat and starch serve as stable long-term energy storage molecules.
ATP cannot store energy long-term, making it less effective for energy reserves.

Immediate Source of Energy

The primary energy source for cellular activities is adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Food sources contribute to ATP production, but ATP itself is the direct energy carrier.

Long-Term Energy Storage Molecules

Long-term energy is primarily stored in starch and fat.
Unlike ATP, which is transient, starch and fat can remain stable within cells for extended periods.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cellular energy by exploring the differences between ATP and ADP molecules. This quiz emphasizes understanding the roles of these crucial compounds in energy transfer and storage. Perfect for biology students preparing for exams!