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Questions and Answers
What enzyme is needed for the synthesis of a DNA strand?
At what temperature does primer hybridization occur?
What genotype should be in people who have higher levels of the ACE enzyme in their blood.
Indicate which reagent is missing from the PCR reaction mixture listed: The PCR reaction mixture contains: PCR reaction buffer (consisting of KCl, Tris, and MgCl2), DNA Taq polymerase enzyme responsible for the synthesis of a new DNA strand from bacteria isolated from Thermus aquaticus, 25 mM MgCl2, DNA, and primer.
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A variant of the ACE gene allele with Alu insertion can be identified by which of the following methods?
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What is the ratio of genotypes according to Hardy-Weinberg's law (ACE gene alleles)?
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Indicate which reagent is missing from the PCR reaction mixture listed: The PCR reaction mixture contains: PCR reaction buffer (consisting of KCI, Tris and MgCI2), deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs -ie a mixture of dATP, dCTP, dGTP and dITP), DNA Taq polymerase (an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of a new DNA strand from bacteria isolated from (Thermus aquaticus), 25 mM MgCI2 and DNA tested.
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List the stages of PCR reaction.
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Specify the size of the Alu sequence
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During DNA denaturation
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evaluate the pcr reaction resulat according to the figure provided and identify the genotype
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at what concentrntrantion in the gel are ampliged DNA fragment
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Which of the following is not required in order to carry out PCR reaction? Select one
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How long does for electrophoresis take to detect the 1 and D aileles of the ACE gene?
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what is the size of the fragment amplified by ACE gene allele with a deletion
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DNA fragments that are S 00 bp, 000 S and 000 bp length are separated by gell electrophoresis Which fragment will migrate farthest in the get?
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Which type of reagent do not need to be added into PCR reaction? Select one:
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hat componemts s hould be added to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)? Select one:
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at what temperature does the binding annealing of primers occour
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An variant ofthe ACE gene allele with Alu insertion was identified:
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Study Notes
PCR Reaction
- Taq polymerase is the enzyme needed for the synthesis of a DNA strand.
- Primer hybridization occurs at approximately 50-65°C.
- Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) are missing from the PCR reaction mixture.
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Stages of PCR reaction:
- Denaturation: DNA is heated to separate the strands.
- Annealing: Primers bind to complementary sequences on the DNA strands.
- Extension: Taq polymerase extends the primers, synthesizing new DNA strands.
- Alu sequence is about 300 base pairs long.
- Electrophoresis takes approximately 30-60 minutes to detect the I and D alleles of the ACE gene.
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DNA fragment size:
- Smaller fragments migrate farther in the gel.
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Components of PCR reaction:
- DNA template: The DNA to be amplified.
- Primers: Short sequences of DNA that bind to the template DNA.
- Taq polymerase: An enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands.
- dNTPs: Building blocks for the new DNA strands.
- PCR buffer: Provides optimal conditions for the reaction.
- Magnesium chloride (MgCl2): A cofactor for Taq polymerase.
- Primer annealing typically occurs at 50-65°C.
- Electrophoresis is the separation of DNA fragments based on size.
- Alu insertion is a variation in the ACE gene that can be identified by PCR.
ACE Gene
- People with higher levels of the ACE enzyme in their blood are likely to have the DD genotype.
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Hardy-Weinberg's law predicts the following ratio of genotypes for the ACE gene:
- DD: 0.64
- ID: 0.32
- II: 0.04
- PCR reaction is used to identify the ACE gene with Alu insertion.
Other Information
- Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on size, with smaller fragments migrating farther.
- DNA fragment amplified by ACE gene allele with a deletion is approximately 190 base pairs long.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the enzymes involved in DNA synthesis. This quiz will challenge your understanding of how DNA strands are formed and the role of specific enzymes in this critical biological process.
