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Questions and Answers
What is the most specific taxonomic level that lions, cheetahs, and tigers share?
What is the most specific taxonomic level that lions, cheetahs, and tigers share?
family
All members of which biological group require a host cell to reproduce?
All members of which biological group require a host cell to reproduce?
viruses
What is the most accurate conclusion about the relationship of Homo Erectus and Homo Neanderthalus?
What is the most accurate conclusion about the relationship of Homo Erectus and Homo Neanderthalus?
they are genetically similar
Which group(s) contain organisms that can be classified as primary producers?
Which group(s) contain organisms that can be classified as primary producers?
How does penicillin stop the growth of certain bacteria?
How does penicillin stop the growth of certain bacteria?
The Gram stain can be used to distinguish which type(s) of organisms?
The Gram stain can be used to distinguish which type(s) of organisms?
In what kingdom would scientists classify a multicellular, nonmotile, autotrophic organism?
In what kingdom would scientists classify a multicellular, nonmotile, autotrophic organism?
What level of biological taxa includes Chordata, Molluska, Echinidermata, Arthropoda, and Cnidaria?
What level of biological taxa includes Chordata, Molluska, Echinidermata, Arthropoda, and Cnidaria?
What kingdom's organisms possess these traits: Eukaryotic cells, photosynthetic, cellulose cell walls?
What kingdom's organisms possess these traits: Eukaryotic cells, photosynthetic, cellulose cell walls?
According to the cladogram, which species is the most recent common ancestor to species A and species E?
According to the cladogram, which species is the most recent common ancestor to species A and species E?
What is the most likely conclusion about the evolutionary relation between the wood frog, bullfrog, western toad, and spadefoot toad?
What is the most likely conclusion about the evolutionary relation between the wood frog, bullfrog, western toad, and spadefoot toad?
What animal has the following characteristics: many more than eight jointed legs on a segmented body, 2 pairs of legs attached to each body segment, lacks biting jaw?
What animal has the following characteristics: many more than eight jointed legs on a segmented body, 2 pairs of legs attached to each body segment, lacks biting jaw?
Based on their taxonomic classification, which two organisms share the most recent common ancestor?
Based on their taxonomic classification, which two organisms share the most recent common ancestor?
Which characteristic of fungi would least likely contribute to a mold species' ability to be pathogenic?
Which characteristic of fungi would least likely contribute to a mold species' ability to be pathogenic?
According to the cladogram, which species is most closely related to species B?
According to the cladogram, which species is most closely related to species B?
What cellular structure distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell?
What cellular structure distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell?
What is Alec most likely studying if he records that the organism contains DNA, has a wall, but no nucleus?
What is Alec most likely studying if he records that the organism contains DNA, has a wall, but no nucleus?
Which organisms gave rise to modern mitochondria?
Which organisms gave rise to modern mitochondria?
What is taxonomy?
What is taxonomy?
How many domains are there?
How many domains are there?
Who is Carolus Linnaeus?
Who is Carolus Linnaeus?
What are the six kingdoms?
What are the six kingdoms?
What is a phylum?
What is a phylum?
What is class?
What is class?
What is order?
What is order?
What is family?
What is family?
What is genus?
What is genus?
What is binomial nomenclature?
What is binomial nomenclature?
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Study Notes
Taxonomy and Classification
- Lions and tigers belong to the genus Panthera, while cheetahs belong to Acinonyx; all share the taxonomic level of family.
- Taxonomy is the branch of biology focused on naming and classifying species, initiated by Aristotle.
- The classification hierarchy includes levels such as kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, and genus, each representing divisions becoming more specific.
Biological Groups
- All viruses require a host cell for reproduction.
- Monerans and protists include organisms that act as primary producers.
- Organisms classified under Plantae are multicellular, nonmotile, and autotrophic.
Evolution and Relationships
- Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalus are genetically similar based on their scientific names.
- A cladogram indicates that species F is the most recent common ancestor for species A and E.
- Among wood frog, bullfrog, western toad, and spadefoot toad, the wood frog and bullfrog share a more recent common ancestor.
Cellular Structures
- The presence of chloroplasts distinguishes plant cells from animal cells.
- A microscopic organism with DNA, a cell wall, but no nucleus is identified as a bacterium.
Mitochondria and Evolution
- Modern mitochondria are believed to have originated from a prokaryotic cell entering a eukaryotic cell.
Major Taxonomic Divisions
- There are three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
- The six kingdoms are Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Characteristics of Organisms
- Fungi, particularly molds, can be pathogenic, but a cell wall composed of polysaccharides like chitin contributes least to its pathogenic ability.
- An organism with more than eight jointed legs, organized in segments, and lacking a biting jaw is classified as a millipede.
Binomial Nomenclature
- Binomial nomenclature is the naming system used for species, consisting of two terms: the genus name and species identifier.
- Carolus Linnaeus is known for establishing this systematic classification method.
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