Biology Classification Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the most specific taxonomic level that lions, cheetahs, and tigers share?

family

All members of which biological group require a host cell to reproduce?

viruses

What is the most accurate conclusion about the relationship of Homo Erectus and Homo Neanderthalus?

they are genetically similar

Which group(s) contain organisms that can be classified as primary producers?

monerans and protists Signup and view all the answers

How does penicillin stop the growth of certain bacteria?

it inhibits synthesis of bacterial walls Signup and view all the answers

The Gram stain can be used to distinguish which type(s) of organisms?

different groups of bacteria Signup and view all the answers

In what kingdom would scientists classify a multicellular, nonmotile, autotrophic organism?

plantae Signup and view all the answers

What level of biological taxa includes Chordata, Molluska, Echinidermata, Arthropoda, and Cnidaria?

Phylum Signup and view all the answers

What kingdom's organisms possess these traits: Eukaryotic cells, photosynthetic, cellulose cell walls?

Plantae Signup and view all the answers

According to the cladogram, which species is the most recent common ancestor to species A and species E?

Species F Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely conclusion about the evolutionary relation between the wood frog, bullfrog, western toad, and spadefoot toad?

the wood frog and bullfrog share a more recent common ancestor than do the western toad and the spadefoot toad Signup and view all the answers

What animal has the following characteristics: many more than eight jointed legs on a segmented body, 2 pairs of legs attached to each body segment, lacks biting jaw?

millipede Signup and view all the answers

Based on their taxonomic classification, which two organisms share the most recent common ancestor?

Chimpanzee and gorilla (same family) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of fungi would least likely contribute to a mold species' ability to be pathogenic?

fungal cell wall composed of polysaccharides, such as chitin Signup and view all the answers

According to the cladogram, which species is most closely related to species B?

Species A Signup and view all the answers

What cellular structure distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell?

Chloroplast Signup and view all the answers

What is Alec most likely studying if he records that the organism contains DNA, has a wall, but no nucleus?

Bacterium Signup and view all the answers

Which organisms gave rise to modern mitochondria?

a prokaryotic entering a eukaryotic cell Signup and view all the answers

What is taxonomy?

branch of biology that describes names, and classifies species (started with Aristotle) Signup and view all the answers

How many domains are there?

3: Bacteria; Archaea; Eukarya Signup and view all the answers

Who is Carolus Linnaeus?

Developed the system for identifying and classifying living things. Signup and view all the answers

What are the six kingdoms?

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia Signup and view all the answers

What is a phylum?

divisions of kingdom Signup and view all the answers

What is class?

divisions of phyla Signup and view all the answers

What is order?

divisions of classes Signup and view all the answers

What is family?

divisions of order Signup and view all the answers

What is genus?

smallest, most specific level, one species per group, second word in scientific name Signup and view all the answers

What is binomial nomenclature?

the system of nomenclature in which two terms are used to denote a species Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Taxonomy and Classification

Lions and tigers belong to the genus Panthera, while cheetahs belong to Acinonyx; all share the taxonomic level of family.
Taxonomy is the branch of biology focused on naming and classifying species, initiated by Aristotle.
The classification hierarchy includes levels such as kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, and genus, each representing divisions becoming more specific.

Biological Groups

All viruses require a host cell for reproduction.
Monerans and protists include organisms that act as primary producers.
Organisms classified under Plantae are multicellular, nonmotile, and autotrophic.

Evolution and Relationships

Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalus are genetically similar based on their scientific names.
A cladogram indicates that species F is the most recent common ancestor for species A and E.
Among wood frog, bullfrog, western toad, and spadefoot toad, the wood frog and bullfrog share a more recent common ancestor.

Cellular Structures

The presence of chloroplasts distinguishes plant cells from animal cells.
A microscopic organism with DNA, a cell wall, but no nucleus is identified as a bacterium.

Mitochondria and Evolution

Modern mitochondria are believed to have originated from a prokaryotic cell entering a eukaryotic cell.

Major Taxonomic Divisions

There are three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
The six kingdoms are Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

Characteristics of Organisms

Fungi, particularly molds, can be pathogenic, but a cell wall composed of polysaccharides like chitin contributes least to its pathogenic ability.
An organism with more than eight jointed legs, organized in segments, and lacking a biting jaw is classified as a millipede.

Binomial Nomenclature

Binomial nomenclature is the naming system used for species, consisting of two terms: the genus name and species identifier.
Carolus Linnaeus is known for establishing this systematic classification method.

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Description

Test your knowledge on biological classification with these flashcards featuring questions about taxonomic levels, groups, and characteristics of various species. Perfect for students looking to strengthen their understanding of biology concepts.