Biology Class: Bacteria and Archaea Quiz

<p>The second part of a scientific name, specific to the species. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A species of bacteria. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was caused by a fungus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ignaz Semmelweis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first antibiotic, penicillin. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to live in extreme environments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria and fungi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some are multicellular and have chitin cell walls (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Robert Hooke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Robert Koch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Composed of a protein coat surrounding a nucleic acid core (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They come from preexisting life. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are eukaryotes that ingest organic chemicals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical disinfectants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He filled jars with decaying meat and covered them. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have complex life cycles with microscopic stages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Swan-neck designs to filter air. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A typical bacterium is approximately 10 times larger than a virus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Whether air or living organisms are responsible for fermentation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Algae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boiling nutrient broth kills all microorganisms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The genus is capitalized, and the species is lowercase. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Louis Pasteur (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The behavior of microorganisms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To block flies while allowing air exchange. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A classification system that divides life into Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

Single-celled organisms without a nucleus, found in Bacteria and Archaea domains.

Organisms made up of cells with a nucleus, included in the domain Eukarya.

The system of naming organisms with a two-part name: genus and specific epithet.

After first use, scientific names can be shortened to the first letter of the genus and full specific epithet.

Scientist who discovered cells in 1665.

First to describe live microorganisms, 1673-1723.

Hypothesis that life arises from nonliving matter.

Hypothesis that life arises from preexisting life.

Conducted experiments disproving spontaneous generation in 1668.

He boiled nutrient broth and sealed flasks, showing no growth.

Scientist who refuted spontaneous generation with swan-neck flasks.

Period from 1857-1914 of major microbiological discoveries.

Prokaryotic microorganisms with peptidoglycan cell walls that reproduce via binary fission.

Prokaryotic organisms that lack peptidoglycan and thrive in extreme environments.

Eukaryotic organisms with chitin cell walls, including molds, mushrooms, and yeasts.

Eukaryotic microorganisms that absorb or ingest organic chemicals and may be motile.

Eukaryotic organisms with cellulose cell walls that use photosynthesis to produce energy.

Acellular entities made of DNA or RNA surrounded by proteins, needing a host to replicate.

Multicellular parasitic organisms including flatworms and roundworms.

Viruses (~100 nm) are much smaller than bacteria (~1 μm), which are smaller than typical eukaryotic cells (~10-100 μm).

A metabolic process converting sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol.

The theory that specific diseases are caused by specific microorganisms.

A series of criteria used to establish a causative relationship between a microbe and a disease.

The process of administering a vaccine to stimulate immunity against disease.

Treatment of disease with chemical substances, often used for infections.

Substances produced by bacteria and fungi that inhibit or kill other microorganisms.

The first antibiotic discovered, effective against various infections.