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Questions and Answers
What is a branching diagram (cladogram)?
What is a branching diagram (cladogram)?
What does a dichotomous key do?
What does a dichotomous key do?
Lists specific traits of an organism to identify it.
What is a simple leaf?
What is a simple leaf?
An undivided leaf.
What defines a compound leaf?
What defines a compound leaf?
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What does bipinnately compound mean?
What does bipinnately compound mean?
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What is opposite leaf arrangement?
What is opposite leaf arrangement?
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What describes alternate leaf arrangement?
What describes alternate leaf arrangement?
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What is subopposite leaf arrangement?
What is subopposite leaf arrangement?
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What characterizes whorled leaf arrangement?
What characterizes whorled leaf arrangement?
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What is pinnate venation?
What is pinnate venation?
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What is palmate venation?
What is palmate venation?
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What defines dichotomous venation?
What defines dichotomous venation?
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What is parallel venation?
What is parallel venation?
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Study Notes
Branching Diagrams (Cladograms) and Dichotomous Keys
- Branching diagrams, or cladograms, illustrate relationships among species based on evolutionary history from a common ancestor.
- Dichotomous keys help identify organisms by listing specific traits, leading to precise identification.
Leaf Types
- Simple leaf: Undivided structure, characterized by a singular leaf blade.
- Compound leaf: Composed of multiple distinct parts known as leaflets, all connected to a single stem.
- Bipinnately compound: A compound leaf that is divided twice, featuring leaflets attached to secondary rachises.
Leaf Arrangement
- Opposite leaf arrangement: Two leaves emerge at each node, growing directly across from each other.
- Alternate leaf arrangement: A single leaf at each node, positioned in an alternating pattern along the stem.
- Subopposite leaf arrangement: Leaves and buds are closely spaced, lacking significant distance between them.
- Whorled leaf arrangement: Characterized by three or more leaves emerging at a single node.
Venation Patterns
- Pinnate venation: A prominent midvein with secondary veins branching out from it.
- Palmate venation: Features smaller veins that originate from more than one main vein, creating a fan-like pattern.
- Dichotomous venation: Displays a spreading pattern of veins throughout the leaf.
- Parallel venation: Veins run nearly parallel from the stem to the leaf tip, maintaining consistent spacing.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of branching diagrams (cladograms) and dichotomous keys through these flashcards. Learn how these tools help in identifying organisms and understanding their evolutionary relationships. Perfect for students studying biology and classification.
