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Amoeba is classified under algae.
False
Trophozoite has a fixed shape.
False
All amoebas are parasitic.
False
Cysts are the reproductive form of amoeba.
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Entamoeba histolytica is found only in tropical areas.
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Infection with Entamoeba histolytica occurs through contact with contaminated soil.
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Naegleria fowleri is a parasitic amoeba.
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Iodamoeba butschii is a parasitic amoeba.
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Acanthamoeba is a medically important free-living amoeba.
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Entamoeba coli is a parasite capable of causing extra-intestinal infection.
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Entamoeba coli trophozoites are smaller than Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites.
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Entamoeba coli has a sluggish motility.
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Entamoeba coli is commonly found in the liver, lung, and brain.
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Entamoeba coli cysts are smaller than Entamoeba histolytica cysts.
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Entamoeba coli trophozoites have a unidirectional motility.
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Entamoeba coli contains red blood cells in its cytoplasm.
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Entamoeba coli nucleus has an even thickness membrane.
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Entamoeba coli mature cysts have 1 to 4 nuclei.
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The size range of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite is 8-10µm.
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Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite has multiple nuclei.
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The karyosome in Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite is large and peripheral.
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Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite is not motile.
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The cytoplasm of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite is coarsely granular.
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Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite can survive in the stomach and cause infection.
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The cyst of Entamoeba histolytica has a spherical shape and 1-4 nuclei.
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The chromatid bars are seen in mature cysts of Entamoeba histolytica.
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The life span of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite is up to 24 hours at 37°C.
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Entamoeba coli trophozoite has a small eccentric karyosome.
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Trichrome staining is used to visualize the nucleus of Entamoeba coli.
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Endolimax nana trophozoite contains erythrocytes.
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Iodamoeba bütschlii is a widely distributed and common parasite.
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Entamoeba coli cyst has a single nucleus.
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Endolimax nana cyst has a large central karyosome.
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Entamoeba coli trophozoite has a thin nuclear membrane.
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Endolimax nana trophozoite has rapid motility.
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Iodamoeba bütschlii is a common parasite in tropical areas.
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Endolimax nana trophozoites have a ectoplasm differentiated from endoplasm
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Iodamoeba bütschlii cysts are multinucleated
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Blastocystis hominis accumulates starch and not filled in granules
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Cyst of Blastocystis hominis has a large central body surrounded with a thick inner membrane of cyst wall
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The diagnostic stage of intestinal amoeba is the trophozoite stage
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Iodamoeba bütschlii cysts do not have a large glycogen vacuole
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The infective stage of intestinal amoeba is the trophozoite stage
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Endolimax nana has a large central karyosome in its nucleus
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Blastocystis hominis is a parasitic amoeba with a worldwide distribution
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Study Notes
Amoeba: General Characteristics
- Classified under protozoa
- No fixed shape due to pseudopodia extension for motility and phagocytosis
- Cytoplasm bounded by a membrane, comprising outer ectoplasm and inner endoplasm
- Both free-living and parasitic forms exist, with parasitic forms causing amoebiasis
- Found in digestive systems, with common species including Entamoeba, Endolimax, and Iodamoeba
- Motility achieved through crawling or gliding
- Reproduction occurs through fusion and budding
Medically Important Amoeba
- Intestinal amoeba: Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba coli, and others
- Free-living amoeba: Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba spp., and Balamuthia mandrillaris
- Opportunistic pathogens: Acanthamoeba spp. and Balamuthia mandrillaris
Entamoeba histolytica
- Worldwide distribution, common in tropical areas
- Infection occurs through ingestion of water and food containing cysts, via oral-fecal route
- Morphology:
- Trophozoite: 8-65µm, irregular shape, actively motile with finger-like pseudopodia, and a single nucleus
- Cyst: 8-22µm, spherical to round, 1-4 nuclei, and finely granular cytoplasm
Entamoeba coli
- Distribution: worldwide
- Non-pathogenic commensal
- Larger than E. histolytica (20-50 µm)
- Sluggish motility
- Life cycle similar to E. histolytica
- Inhabits the lumen of the large intestine
- Often confused with E. histolytica
Entamoeba coli vs. Entamoeba histolytica
- Trophozoite size and motility
- Cytoplasmic features (clear ectoplasm and granular endoplasm in E. histolytica)
- Nucleus size and karyosome position
- Cyst size and number of nuclei
Endolimax nana
- Trophozoite: small (6-15 µm), clear ectoplasm, and granular endoplasm
- No erythrocyte presence
- Nucleus: large central karyosome
- Sluggish motility
- Cyst: small (8-10 µm), oval, 1-4 nuclei, and eccentric karyosome
Iodamoeba bütschlii
- Widely distributed, less common than E. coli and E. nana
- Trophozoite: small (6-25 µm), no differentiated ectoplasm, and central karyosome
- Cyst: 8-15 µm, oval, 1 nucleus, large central karyosome, and glycogen vacuole
Blastocystis hominis
- Worldwide distribution
- Size: 2-100 µm
- Yeast-like form
- Can accumulate starch and fill granules
- Cyst: large central body, thin inner membrane, and dense inclusions
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Description
This quiz covers the characteristics of amoeba, including their classification, structure, and types. Learn about the differences between trophozoite and cyst forms and how amoeba cause infections.
