Biology Chapter on Specialized Cells
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of cilia in the trachea?

  • To carry oxygen in the blood
  • To produce mucus
  • To protect the cells inside the body
  • To trap and remove inhaled dust and dirt (correct)
  • What type of specialized cells found in the trachea are responsible for producing mucus?

  • Bone cells
  • Goblet cells (correct)
  • Muscle cells
  • Skin cells
  • Why do muscle cells have many mitochondria?

  • To carry oxygen in the blood
  • To produce mucus
  • To collect calcium from food
  • To use a lot of energy (correct)
  • How do specialized cells differ from each other?

    <p>They have different shapes and functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specialized cells are responsible for protecting the body from the outside environment?

    <p>Skin cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main idea of this section?

    <p>Specialized cells contribute to the efficient functioning of a multicellular organism. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an analogy used in the text to explain the function of specialized cells?

    <p>A single fertilized egg developing into a complex organism. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between cells in a multicellular organism and a single-celled organism?

    <p>Multicellular organisms are more complex and have specialized cells with distinct functions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between function and structure of cells?

    <p>The structure of a cell influences its function. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the cell theory relevant to the discussion of specialized cells?

    <p>The cell theory is the basis for understanding how all cells, including specialized cells, originate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Specialized Cells

    Cells with specific structures and functions adapted to perform particular tasks in an organism.

    Cell Theory

    The principle stating that all cells arise from pre-existing cells, forming the basis of biology.

    Tumours

    Masses of cells that grow uncontrollably, often lacking the proper function.

    Multicellular Organism

    An organism composed of many different cells that have varied structures and roles.

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    Cell Diversity

    The existence of a variety of cell types in an organism, each tailored to fulfill specific roles.

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    Goblet Cells

    Specialized cells in the trachea that secrete mucus to trap dirt and dust.

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    Cilia

    Hair-like extensions on certain cells that help move mucus along the trachea.

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    Mitochondria

    Organelles in cells that produce energy, important for energy-intensive cells like muscle cells.

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    Red Blood Cells

    Cells that carry oxygen in the blood, containing hemoglobin that binds to oxygen.

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    Study Notes

    Specialized Cells

    • Cells in organisms are not all identical
    • Multicellular organisms are like cities, with different parts having different functions
    • Specialized cells have specific functions (e.g., energy production, transportation, waste disposal)
    • Cells in multicellular organisms perform specific functions instead of trying to do everything
    • Specialized cells have different structures from each other
    • Example: Goblet cells in trachea produce mucus, and cilia move mucus to remove dirt

    Cell Specialization

    • Cells adapt to their specific function
    • Structure of cells changes to suit function
    • Organelles vary in number and type based on function
    • Cell specialization is a change in form and function

    Examples of Specialized Animal Cells

    • Red blood cells: Contain hemoglobin to carry oxygen, smooth shape for easy passage through blood vessels
    • Muscle cells: Arranged in bundles called muscle fibers, contract to cause movement
    • Fat cells: Large vacuoles for storing fat, store chemical energy
    • Nerve cells: Long, thin with branches for conducting electrical impulses

    Examples of specialized Plant Cells

    • Photosynthetic cells: Contain chloroplasts for collecting sunlight and making sugar
    • Storage cells: Contain structures to store starch for energy
    • Epidermal cells: Hair on young roots for absorbing water
    • Guard cells: Control water loss in leaves

    Cell Theory

    • Every cell comes from a pre-existing cell
    • Cells are the basic units of life
    • Single fertilized egg develops into a complex organism

    Similarities between plant and animal cells

    • Both perform specialized functions
    • Both have cells carrying out tasks vital to the organism
    • Cell specialization occurs in both animal and plant cells

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on specialized cells and their functions in the human body with this quiz. Dive into the roles of cilia in the trachea, muscle cells, and the significance of cell theory. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of cell specialization and its importance in multicellular organisms.

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