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Questions and Answers
What is osmosis?
What is osmosis?
- Movement of water against a concentration gradient
- Diffusion of water across a membrane (correct)
- Movement of solute from high to low concentration
- Diffusion of solute across a membrane
What does a selectively permeable membrane do?
What does a selectively permeable membrane do?
Allows certain substances to cross more easily than others.
What is a solute?
What is a solute?
Minor component in a solution that dissolves.
What is a solvent?
What is a solvent?
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What defines a solution?
What defines a solution?
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What does hydrophilic mean?
What does hydrophilic mean?
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What does hydrophobic mean?
What does hydrophobic mean?
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How does water move in osmosis?
How does water move in osmosis?
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What are polar molecules?
What are polar molecules?
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What is net movement in the context of osmosis?
What is net movement in the context of osmosis?
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Study Notes
Osmosis and Membranes
- Osmosis refers to the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane, equalizing solute concentrations on both sides.
- A selectively permeable membrane permits certain substances to pass through more easily, impacting the movement of water and solutes.
Solutions and Components
- Solute is the minor component in a solution that dissolves in a solvent; it plays a crucial role in determining solution concentration.
- Solvent is the substance in which solutes dissolve; water is known as the universal solvent due to its ability to dissolve many substances.
- A solution is the resulting mixture of solute and solvent, where both components are evenly distributed.
Molecular Properties
- Hydrophilic substances are those that are attracted to water; they tend to dissolve easily in aqueous environments.
- Hydrophobic substances repel water, often leading to separation from aqueous solutions.
Water Dynamics
- Water movement typically flows from areas of low solute concentration (high free water molecules) to areas of high solute concentration (low free water molecules).
- Polar molecules interact with water by clustering around hydrophilic solute molecules, enhancing solubility in water.
- Net movement of water occurs down its concentration gradient, emphasizing the natural tendency for water to move towards areas of higher solute concentration until equilibrium is reached.
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