Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of natural selection is demonstrated by the survival of smaller squirrels over larger ones in the presence of new predators?
What type of natural selection is demonstrated by the survival of smaller squirrels over larger ones in the presence of new predators?
- disruptive selection (correct)
- convergent selection
- divergent selection
- stabilizing selection
Which of the following are examples of vestigial structures?
Which of the following are examples of vestigial structures?
- whale pelvic bones and snake remnants
- hummingbird wings and bat wings
- sharks and dolphins
- the appendix and tailbone in humans (correct)
Which best describes the forces that allow water to rise through a plant against gravity?
Which best describes the forces that allow water to rise through a plant against gravity?
- adhesion, cohesion
- cohesion, adhesion (correct)
- cohesion, capillary action
- surface tension, adhesion
What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment where salivary amylase was exposed to low temperatures?
What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment where salivary amylase was exposed to low temperatures?
Which correctly matches the plant cells to their respective tissue systems?
Which correctly matches the plant cells to their respective tissue systems?
What characteristic does stabilizing selection promote in a population?
What characteristic does stabilizing selection promote in a population?
What type of structures are formed from different species due to shared ancestry?
What type of structures are formed from different species due to shared ancestry?
What does 'fittest' refer to in the context of natural selection?
What does 'fittest' refer to in the context of natural selection?
What is the primary difference between oogenesis and spermatogenesis?
What is the primary difference between oogenesis and spermatogenesis?
Which hormone is secreted the most right before ovulation in the menstrual cycle?
Which hormone is secreted the most right before ovulation in the menstrual cycle?
All of these statements about meiosis are true EXCEPT:
All of these statements about meiosis are true EXCEPT:
The behavior of birds ignoring the scarecrow after repeated exposures can best be explained by which term?
The behavior of birds ignoring the scarecrow after repeated exposures can best be explained by which term?
Which photosynthetic reaction utilizes carbon dioxide to produce glucose?
Which photosynthetic reaction utilizes carbon dioxide to produce glucose?
Which of the following pairs of organisms are most closely related?
Which of the following pairs of organisms are most closely related?
What is the total magnification if a microscope is set to 10x eyepiece and 10x objective?
What is the total magnification if a microscope is set to 10x eyepiece and 10x objective?
Flashcards
Disruptive Selection
Disruptive Selection
A type of natural selection where individuals with extreme traits are favored, leading to a population with two distinct phenotypes.
Homologous Structures
Homologous Structures
Structures that are similar in form and function due to shared ancestry, but may have different functions in different species. Example: the bones in the forelimbs of a human, whale, and bat.
Analogous Structures
Analogous Structures
Structures that appear similar in function but have different underlying structures and evolutionary origins. Example: wings of birds and insects.
Vestigial Structures
Vestigial Structures
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Cohesion
Cohesion
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Adhesion
Adhesion
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Capillary Action
Capillary Action
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What does "fittest" mean in Darwin's theory of evolution?
What does "fittest" mean in Darwin's theory of evolution?
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What is the main difference between oogenesis and spermatogenesis?
What is the main difference between oogenesis and spermatogenesis?
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Which hormone spikes right before ovulation?
Which hormone spikes right before ovulation?
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What is a difference between mitosis and meiosis?
What is a difference between mitosis and meiosis?
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How does the behavior of the birds in the field change?
How does the behavior of the birds in the field change?
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Which reaction of photosynthesis uses CO2 to make glucose?
Which reaction of photosynthesis uses CO2 to make glucose?
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Which organisms are most closely related?
Which organisms are most closely related?
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What is the total magnification of a microscope with 10x eyepiece and 10x objective?
What is the total magnification of a microscope with 10x eyepiece and 10x objective?
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Study Notes
Natural Selection ("Fittest")
- "Fittest" refers to organisms best adapted for survival and reproduction in a given environment.
- This means organisms with traits allowing them to live the longest and healthiest compared to other organisms.
- It is NOT about physical strength or speed or quick evolutionary rate.
- It is the ability to reproduce and pass those traits to offspring.
Oogenesis vs. Spermatogenesis
- Oogenesis produces one functional egg cell.
- Spermatogenesis produces four functional sperm cells.
Menstrual Cycle Hormone Pre-Ovulation
- Luteinizing hormone (LH) is most secreted just before ovulation.
Meiosis
- Meiosis produces sex cells (gametes).
- Meiosis reduces chromosome number by half.
- Meiosis generates genetic diversity through crossing over.
- Daughter cells produced in meiosis are NOT identical to each other.
Bird Habituation
- Birds exhibiting no response to a repeated stimulus (scarecrow) demonstrate habituation.
Photosynthesis: Carbon Dioxide Use
- The Calvin cycle uses carbon dioxide to produce glucose.
Related Species
- The most closely related species are determined using the similarities in the scientific names. (Often related species will share the genus name)
- In this case, it is not possible to determine the relationship without the full scientific classification
Microscope Magnification
- A 10x eyepiece and 10x objective lens results in 100x total magnification.
Natural Selection: Directional Selection
- Directional selection is where an extreme phenotype is favored, in this case, smaller squirrels are more advantageous given the new predator.
Vestigial Structures
- Vestigial structures are remnants of structures important in ancestors, but no longer functional.
- Tailbone and appendix are examples of vestigial structures in humans.
Water Transport in Plants
- Adhesion is the force between water and the plant cell walls which helps water move upward.
- Cohesion is the attractive force between water molecules which binds the water column together.
Salivary Amylase and Temperature
- Salivary amylase is denatured by low temperatures (e.g -2ËšC).
- This denaturation inactivates the enzyme, which would be unable to digest starches.
Plant Cell Tissue Systems
- Guard cells are part of the dermal tissue system.
- Collenchyma cells are part of the ground tissue system.
- Vessel elements are part of the vascular tissue system.
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Description
This quiz covers key biological concepts including natural selection, oogenesis and spermatogenesis, the menstrual cycle, meiosis, and bird habituation. Test your understanding of these fundamental principles that govern life and reproduction. Perfect for students studying biology or preparing for exams.
