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Questions and Answers

What type of body cavity do Platyhelminthes have?

  • Aceolomate (correct)
  • Pseudoceolomate
  • Euceolomate
  • No body cavity

Which characteristic is unique to Cephalopods among molluscs?

  • Shell coiling
  • Bilateral symmetry
  • Radula
  • Multiple arms/tentacles (correct)

What type of metamorphosis involves egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages?

  • Simple metamorphosis
  • Complete metamorphosis (correct)
  • Incomplete metamorphosis
  • No metamorphosis

Which class of echinoderms uses Aristotle's lantern for feeding?

<p>Echinoidea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of skeleton do echinoderms possess?

<p>Calcareous skeleton with ossicles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fish class has dermal denticles instead of typical scales?

<p>Chondrichthyes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lateral line in fish?

<p>Sensing movement and vibration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many temporal openings do Diapsid skulls have?

<p>Two (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the amniotic egg stores waste products and aids in respiration?

<p>Allantois (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between catadromous and anadromous migration?

<p>Direction of migration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT a feature of arthropods?

<p>Notochord (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the water vascular system in echinoderms?

<p>Locomotion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of molluscs exhibits asymmetric shell coiling?

<p>Gastropods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nervous system do cnidarians have?

<p>Nerve net (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes salamanders from lizards?

<p>Moist, smooth skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mammary glands in mammals?

<p>Milk production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of fish has a protocercal tail type?

<p>Hagfish (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of feeding method do sea cucumbers typically use?

<p>Filter feeding with tentacles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of legs per segment do millipedes have?

<p>Two pairs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT one of the five chordate characteristics?

<p>Exoskeleton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Platyhelminthes body cavity

Platyhelminthes, like flatworms, lack a true body cavity (coelom). They are classified as aceolomates.

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Cephalopod unique characteristic

Among mollusks, cephalopods (like squid and octopus) are unique for having multiple arms or tentacles.

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Complete metamorphosis stages

Complete metamorphosis involves four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The larva and adult often have very different appearances.

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Aristotle's lantern

Aristotle's lantern is a complex chewing structure found in sea urchins (class Echinoidea) that is used for feeding.

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Echinoderm skeleton

Echinoderms have an internal skeleton made of calcium carbonate plates called ossicles.

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Chondrichthyes skin

Cartilaginous fish, such as sharks and rays (Chondrichthyes), have dermal denticles instead of typical scales.

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Lateral line function in fish

The lateral line in fish is a sensory system that detects movement and vibrations in the water.

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Diapsid skull openings

Diapsid skulls have two temporal openings behind the eye sockets, a feature found in many reptiles.

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Amniotic egg waste storage

The allantois in an amniotic egg stores waste products and plays a role in respiration.

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Catadromous vs. anadromous migration

Catadromous migration involves fish moving from freshwater to saltwater, while anadromous migration involves fish moving from saltwater to freshwater.

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Arthropod characteristic NOT present

Arthropods have an exoskeleton, segmented body, and jointed appendages. They do NOT have a notochord.

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Water vascular system function

The water vascular system in echinoderms is responsible for locomotion, feeding, and gas exchange.

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Mollusc with asymmetric shell

Gastropods, such as snails and slugs, have a shell that is coiled asymmetrically.

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Cnidarian nervous system type

Cnidarians have a simple nervous system called a nerve net, which allows for localized responses and coordinated movements.

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Salamander vs. lizard

Salamanders differ from lizards by having moist, smooth skin instead of scales.

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Mammary gland function

Mammary glands in mammals produce milk, which is used to nourish offspring.

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Fish with protocercal tail

Hagfish are the only fish with a protocercal tail, which is a simple, symmetrical tail with no distinct lobes.

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Sea cucumber feeding method

Sea cucumbers typically feed by extending their stomach out to capture food.

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Millipede legs per segment

Millipedes have two pairs of legs per segment, unlike centipedes which have only one pair.

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Chordate characteristic NOT present

The five key characteristics of chordates are: notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, post-anal tail, and endostyle. They do NOT have an exoskeleton.

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What is an Aceolomate?

An aceolomate is an animal that lacks a true body cavity. This means it has no space between the gut and the body wall.

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What is a Euceolomate?

A euceolomate is an animal that has a true body cavity or coelom. This space is lined by mesoderm and allows for organ development and movement.

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What is a Pseudoceolomate?

A pseudocoelomate is an animal that has a body cavity, but it's not completely lined by mesoderm. This means it's not as fully developed as a coelom.

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What is incomplete metamorphosis?

Incomplete metamorphosis involves only three stages: egg, nymph, and adult. The nymph looks similar to the adult, but smaller and without wings.

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What is simple metamorphosis?

Simple metamorphosis involves only two stages: egg and adult. The young resemble smaller versions of the adults.

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What is a hydrostati...

A hydrostatic skeleton is a fluid-filled cavity that provides support and allows for movement. It's common in invertebrates like worms and jellyfish.

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What is an exoskeleton?

An exoskeleton is a hard, external covering that provides support and protection. It's common in invertebrates like insects and crustaceans.

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What is an endoskeleton?

An endoskeleton is an internal skeleton that provides support and protection. It's found in vertebrates like humans and fish

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What are dermal denticles?

Dermal denticles are small, tooth-like scales found in cartilaginous fish like sharks and rays. They provide protection and reduce drag in water.

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What is a notochord?

A notochord is a flexible rod that provides support in chordate animals. It is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and is replaced by the vertebral column in vertebrates.

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What are pharyngeal slits?

Pharyngeal slits are openings in the throat region of chordates. In some species, they are used for filter feeding or gas exchange.

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What is a post-anal tail?

A post-anal tail is an extension of the body beyond the anus. It is found in all chordates and can be used for movement, balance, or other functions.

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What is an endostyle?

The endostyle is a groove on the ventral side of the pharynx in chordates. It is involved in feeding and is thought to have evolved into the thyroid gland in vertebrates.

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Study Notes

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

  • Platyhelminthes body cavity: Aceolomate
  • Cephalopod unique characteristic: Multiple arms/tentacles
  • Metamorphosis with egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages: Complete metamorphosis
  • Echinoderm feeding using Aristotle's lantern: Echinoidea
  • Echinoderm skeleton type: Endoskeleton
  • Fish class with dermal denticles instead of typical scales: Chondrichthyes
  • Lateral line function in fish: Sensing movement and vibration
  • Number of temporal openings in Diapsid skulls: Two
  • Amniotic egg waste storage and respiration: Allantois
  • Difference between catadromous and anadromous migration: Direction of migration
  • Characteristic NOT a feature of arthropods: Notochord
  • Primary function of water vascular system in echinoderms: Locomotion
  • Molluscs with asymmetric shell coiling: Gastropods
  • Cnidarian nervous system: Nerve net
  • Salamander characteristic distinguishing them from lizards: Moist, smooth skin
  • Mammary gland function in mammals: Milk production
  • Fish group with protocercal tail type: Hagfish
  • Sea cucumber feeding method: Filter feeding with tentacles
  • Millipede legs per segment: Two pairs
  • Characteristic NOT one of the five chordate characteristics: Exoskeleton

Short Answer Questions

  • Gastropod: Molluscs (no further details provided)
  • Moist skin: Salamander characteristic (no further details provided)
  • Milk production: Mammary gland function (no further details provided)
  • Hagfish: Fish with a protocercal tail (no further details provided)
  • Filter feeding with tentacles: Sea cucumber feeding method (no further details provided)
  • Two pairs: Millipede legs per segment (no further details provided)
  • Exoskeleton: Characteristic NOT a feature of chordates (no further details provided)

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