Biology Chapter on Cellular Energy

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following cellular activities require energy?

Passive Transport

Photosynthesis

Cell Division (correct)

Osmosis

What is the primary role of ATP in the cell?

Energy carrier (correct)

Building cellular structures

Transport of nutrients

Storage of genetic information

Where does ATP synthesis occur in the cell?

Mitochondria (correct)

Nucleus

Cell membrane

Ribosomes

What is the relationship between glucose and ATP in terms of energy storage?

Glucose stores significantly more energy than ATP Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following definitions accurately describes autotrophs?

Organisms that create their own food using sunlight Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the active site on an enzyme?

To bind substrates for a chemical reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which model describes how enzymes interact with substrates?

Lock & Key Model Signup and view all the answers

How does temperature affect enzyme activity according to the text?

Enzyme activity decreases as temperature increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal pH range for most enzymes in living cells?

6-8 Signup and view all the answers

What happens to enzyme activity as the concentration of substrates increases?

Enzyme activity increases Signup and view all the answers

Denaturation of an enzyme is primarily caused by which of the following factors?

Extreme temperature changes Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increasing enzyme concentration have on the rate of reaction?

It increases the rate of reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is a property of water that allows life to exist under ice?

Water expands when it freezes. Signup and view all the answers

How do substrates interact with enzymes during a reaction?

They bind to the active site and are either broken down or built up Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a polar bond?

A bond with different charges at opposite ends. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason water is considered the universal solvent?

It can dissolve most substances. Signup and view all the answers

How does water's high specific heat affect its temperature change?

It requires a lot of energy to change temperature. Signup and view all the answers

In what forms can water be found in nature?

Solid, liquid, and gas. Signup and view all the answers

What role do hydrogen bonds play in the structure of water molecules?

They are weak bonds between two different molecules. Signup and view all the answers

What impact does water's ability to dissolve most substances have on ecosystems?

It facilitates the transport of nutrients. Signup and view all the answers

How does water's expansion as it freezes benefit aquatic life?

It creates a layer of ice that insulates the water below. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary output of anaerobic respiration in animal cells?

Lactic acid and 2 ATP Signup and view all the answers

Where does the Krebs cycle occur within the cell?

Matrix of the mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not an output of the electron transport chain?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

How many times does the Krebs cycle turn per glucose molecule?

Twice Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fermentation produces lactic acid as a byproduct?

Lactic acid fermentation Signup and view all the answers

What is needed for aerobic respiration to occur?

Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What are the inputs for the electron transport chain?

Oxygen and high energy electrons Signup and view all the answers

What is the net gain of ATP from glycolysis?

2 ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of enzymes in chemical reactions?

To lower the activation energy needed to start a reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which reagent forms pinkish clumps when the target molecule is present?

Sudan IV Signup and view all the answers

What color indicates a positive test for proteins when using Biuret’s Reagent?

Purple Signup and view all the answers

What is represented by a molecular formula?

The total atoms and type of atoms in a compound Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about enzymes is true?

Enzymes can be used repeatedly as catalysts. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 2nd energy level?

8 electrons Signup and view all the answers

What happens to starch when Lugol's Iodine solution is present?

Turns black or dark violet Signup and view all the answers

How can you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

Atomic mass – atomic number Signup and view all the answers

In the periodic table, what does the atomic number represent?

The number of protons Signup and view all the answers

What is activation energy?

The energy required to initiate a chemical reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct configuration of electrons in a hydrogen atom?

1 electron in the 1st energy level Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic describes most enzyme names?

They are often derived from the substrates they act upon. Signup and view all the answers

What is the negative test result for Sudan IV?

Opaque Signup and view all the answers

What information is NOT contained in a structural formula?

Total numbers of protons Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about neutrons is correct?

Neutrons have no charge and are located in the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle can be found in the orbitals around the nucleus?

Electron Signup and view all the answers

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts related to cellular energy, specifically focusing on ATP's role, its synthesis, and the relationship between glucose and energy storage. Answer questions about cellular activities that require energy and understand the definition of autotrophs. Perfect for biology students looking to test their knowledge in cellular respiration.