Biology Chapter on Cell Theory and Structure

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Who coined the term 'cells'?

Theodor Schwann

Robert Hooke (correct)

Matthias Schleiden

Rudolph Virchow

Who was the first to observe living cells through a microscope?

Matthias Schleiden

Rudolph Virchow

Theodor Schwann

Anton van Leeuwenhoek (correct)

What does the Cell Theory state about living things?

All living things can exist without cells.

All living things are composed of cells. (correct)

All living things are composed of tissues.

All living things are composed of molecules.

According to the Cell Theory, what is the basic unit of life?

Cells Signup and view all the answers

What does Cell Theory state about the origin of cells?

Cells can only come from preexisting cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the binary fission process?

Cell growth Signup and view all the answers

What occurs after the cell growth in binary fission?

DNA replicates Signup and view all the answers

What is produced as a result of binary fission?

Two identical daughter cells Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the appearance of a cell during binary fission?

The cell divides into two identical cells Signup and view all the answers

In binary fission, what best describes the role of DNA?

It duplicates for cell division Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is present in eukaryotic cells?

Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Lack of a nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell structure is associated with bacteria?

Prokaryotic cell Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

Presence of organelles Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the discovery of eukaryotic cells?

Robert Brown Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

Protein synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What does the cell membrane do?

Controls entry and exit of materials Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nuclear pores?

Control the movement of substances in and out of the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Synthesis of lipids and steroids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cilia in a cell?

To move the cell Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the cell is responsible for controlling movement within the cell?

Microtubules Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature is unique to plant cells?

Cell wall Signup and view all the answers

What process describes the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

To capture sunlight and convert it to energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chloroplasts in a plant cell?

To capture and convert energy Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'equilibrium' refer to in the context of concentration?

An even distribution of solute in a solvent Signup and view all the answers

What is passive transport primarily characterized by?

Movement from high to low concentration without energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between diffusion and kinetic energy?

Diffusion is driven by the kinetic energy of molecules Signup and view all the answers

What does the concentration of a solution measure?

The amount of solute in a defined volume of solvent Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary movement of water during osmosis?

From a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?

The cell shrinks due to water moving out Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about isotonic solutions is true?

There is no net movement of water molecules across the membrane Signup and view all the answers

What effect do cold conditions generally have on molecules?

They contract and decrease in size Signup and view all the answers

What is turgor pressure?

The cell's internal pressure resulting from water movement Signup and view all the answers

What effect does an increase in temperature have on the rate of diffusion?

It increases the rate of diffusion. Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for the uptake of small particles into a cell?

Pinocytosis Signup and view all the answers

How do carbohydrate chains and protein channels function in facilitated diffusion?

They change shape to allow larger molecules and ions to pass through. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor affects the diffusion rate by determining how quickly a molecule can move through a medium?

Molecular size Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of endocytosis in a cell?

To transport substances into the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of placing a cell in a hypotonic solution?

The cell expands and may burst. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during plasmolysis in a cell?

Water moves from the cell to its environment. Signup and view all the answers

In the process of osmosis, water moves from which area?

From hypotonic to hypertonic. Signup and view all the answers

Which description best illustrates cytolysis?

The interior fluid of the cell increases, potentially leading to rupture. Signup and view all the answers

The term 'plasmolysis' refers to the process where:

Cells lose water and shrink in high solute environments. Signup and view all the answers

What type of transport moves materials from high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy?

Passive Transport Signup and view all the answers

Which process requires energy to move sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell?

Sodium-Potassium Pump Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of endocytosis?

It involves the cell membrane engulfing materials. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes pinocytosis?

Transport of small particles or liquids into the cell. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the sodium-potassium pump?

It requires energy to function. Signup and view all the answers