Biology Chapter on Cell Structure and Function
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Questions and Answers

What is one feature that distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

  • Eukaryotic cells lack a defined nucleus.
  • Eukaryotic cells can reproduce independently.
  • Eukaryotic cells have organelles. (correct)
  • Eukaryotic cells are smaller in size.
  • Which statement is part of the cell theory?

  • All cells contain identical genetic material.
  • Cells arise from the spontaneous generation of matter.
  • All living things are composed of cells. (correct)
  • Cells are the only unit of structure in living organisms.
  • How does the shape-changing ability of white blood cells enhance their function?

  • It prevents them from being attacked by pathogens.
  • It allows them to absorb nutrients more efficiently.
  • It enables them to move through narrow openings. (correct)
  • It helps them to clone themselves.
  • What do organelles within a cell primarily provide?

    <p>Specific functions necessary for survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the diameter of a spherical cell increases, how does this affect its surface area and volume?

    <p>Volume changes more than surface area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures are responsible for the movement of substances across the surface of the cell?

    <p>Cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lysosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

    <p>Digest ingested material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organelles is surrounded by two membranes and contains its own DNA?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell organelle is primarily involved in the export of substances produced within the cell?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In eukaryotic cells, which organelles are known as the powerhouse for energy production?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an organele?

    <p>A compartment or sac within a cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What limits the size of cells?

    <p>The rate at which substances can enter the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical diameter range of most plant and animal cells?

    <p>10 to 50 µm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of nerve cells enables them to effectively transmit signals?

    <p>Long extensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two major components of the cytoskeleton?

    <p>Microfilaments and microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance composes plant cell walls?

    <p>Cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of ribosomes in the cell?

    <p>Synthesizing proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature do cilia and flagella share?

    <p>A hairlike structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do membrane proteins contribute to the cell membrane's function?

    <p>By making the membrane selectively permeable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What group of cells forms the surface coverings of animal bodies?

    <p>epithelial tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissue is responsible for transporting water in plants?

    <p>vascular tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fossil evidence indicates that the earliest cells on Earth were primarily what type?

    <p>simple prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process in which cells become restricted to perform one or a few functions?

    <p>specialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the cells in the green alga Volvox?

    <p>They are genetically identical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What level of organization is exemplified by the stomach?

    <p>Organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of connective tissue in the body?

    <p>Providing support and linking other tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the esophagus, stomach, and intestine together?

    <p>Organ system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the structures in the inset represent?

    <p>Tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best identifies the stomach in terms of biological organization?

    <p>Organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of biological structures, what is a lichen considered?

    <p>Colonial organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The group of the esophagus, stomach, and intestines can be classified as which level of organization?

    <p>Organ system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animal tissue is primarily responsible for supporting and linking other tissues?

    <p>Connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue is primarily responsible for transmitting messages in the body?

    <p>Nervous tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The structures within the inset that show different layers of the stomach wall represent which level of biological organization?

    <p>Tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

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