Biology Chapter: Fertilisation and Embryo Development

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Questions and Answers

What is formed when sperm fertilizes the egg?

  • Foetus
  • Embryo
  • Zygote (correct)
  • Ovum

Which structure connects the foetus to the mother and provides essential nutrients?

  • Placenta (correct)
  • Oviduct
  • Amniotic fluid
  • Umbilical cord

How long does an average menstrual cycle last?

  • 30 days
  • 28 days (correct)
  • 35 days
  • 21 days

What protects the developing foetus during pregnancy?

<p>Amniotic fluid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of pregnancy?

<p>9 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fertilization

The process where sperm meets egg to create a zygote.

Menstrual cycle

A monthly cycle, lasting about 28 days, that prepares the uterus for fertilization.

Ovaries

Glands that produce female sex cells (ova/eggs).

Placenta

An organ connecting the mother to the fetus, providing oxygen and nutrients.

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Pregnancy

The period of development of the fetus, typically lasting 9 months.

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Study Notes

Fertilisation and Embryo Development

  • Fertilisation occurs when sperm and egg cells meet
  • Male sex cells produce sperm
  • Female sex cells produce ova
  • Ovaries produce eggs
  • Eggs travel through the oviduct
  • Eggs are fertilised in the uterus
  • Fertilised egg develops into an embryo
  • Embryo develops into a foetus
  • Pregnancy lasts around 9 months
  • The placenta provides oxygen and nutrients to the developing foetus

Menstrual Cycle

  • The menstrual cycle is a 28-day cycle
  • The uterine lining sheds, known as menstruation
  • The cycle prepares for a possible pregnancy
  • Ovulation occurs in the middle of the cycle
  • This is when an egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube
  • If fertilisation does not occur, the egg is lost

Pregnancy

  • Pregnancy lasts approximately 9 months
  • Foetal development occurs within the uterus
  • Protection and nutrients are provided to the embryo
  • Placenta provides nutrients to the foetus
  • Amniotic fluid cushions and protects the developing foetus
  • Umbilical cord connects the foetus to the placenta

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