COPY: Biology Chapter: Energy and Respiration
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Questions and Answers

What is produced during anaerobic respiration in yeast?

  • Alcohol and carbon dioxide (correct)
  • Lactic acid
  • Glucose and oxygen
  • Carbon dioxide and water

    • Which statement describes anaerobic respiration in muscle cells?

  • It produces lactic acid without carbon dioxide. (correct)
  • It uses oxygen to release energy.
  • It occurs in the mitochondria.
  • It produces alcohol.

    • Which of the following best distinguishes aerobic respiration from anaerobic respiration?

  • Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen. (correct)
  • Anaerobic respiration produces more energy than aerobic respiration.
  • Aerobic respiration produces lactic acid.
  • Aerobic respiration requires glucose only.

    • What is the main reason muscle cells switch to anaerobic respiration during vigorous exercise?

    <p>To continue energy production when oxygen supply is low.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which cellular location does anaerobic respiration take place?

    <p>In the cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about anaerobic respiration?

    <p>It produces a large amount of energy from glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism primarily undergoes anaerobic respiration to produce alcohol?

    <p>Yeast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during anaerobic respiration in plants during short periods?

    <p>They convert glucose into alcohol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of alveoli in the human breathing system?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature of gas exchange surfaces enhances their efficiency?

    <p>They have a large surface area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to carbon dioxide during aerobic respiration?

    <p>It is produced as a waste product and must be removed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do goblet cells play in the respiratory system?

    <p>To produce mucus to trap dust and moisten air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are the trachea and bronchi supported by rings of cartilage?

    <p>To prevent collapse and maintain open pathways for airflow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does air enter the body through the respiratory system?

    <p>Through either the nose or mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of gas exchange surfaces allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse efficiently?

    <p>They are extremely thin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cilia in the respiratory system?

    <p>To move mucus and trap particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary nutrient used by cells to provide energy?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do most of the reactions in aerobic respiration occur?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process occurs when cells release energy from glucose in the absence of oxygen?

    <p>Anaerobic respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a product of aerobic respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the functions of energy supplied by respiration in human cells?

    <p>Transmitting nerve impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the balanced equation for aerobic respiration?

    <p>$C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities would most likely increase breathing rate?

    <p>Running</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a reason why cells need energy?

    <p>Building DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the brain to send nerve impulses to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles to increase breathing rate?

    <p>A fall in pH due to high carbon dioxide or lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process occurs in the mitochondria and requires oxygen?

    <p>Aerobic respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main byproduct of anaerobic respiration in humans?

    <p>Lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in humans is primarily responsible for gas exchange?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does an increase in temperature have on the rate of respiration in yeast until a certain point?

    <p>The rate increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does physical activity affect the rate and depth of breathing?

    <p>It increases them to supply extra oxygen to muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the muscles involved in breathing when exhaling?

    <p>They relax, allowing the thorax volume to decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of gas exchange surfaces in terrestrial animals?

    <p>They have a large surface area and thin walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cartilage in the trachea?

    <p>To prevent the trachea from collapsing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During inspiration, which statement is true regarding the diaphragm?

    <p>It contracts and moves downwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the volume of the thorax during expiration?

    <p>It decreases as the diaphragm relaxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles assist in expanding the thorax during inhalation?

    <p>Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does gas exchange primarily occur in the respiratory system?

    <p>In the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the rate of breathing primarily regulated?

    <p>By the brain monitoring blood pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do bronchioles play in the respiratory system?

    <p>They transport air to the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the rib cage is raised during inhalation?

    <p>The thorax's volume increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

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