Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following factors would increase the rate of diffusion?
Which of the following factors would increase the rate of diffusion?
A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:
A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:
What is the relationship between surface area and volume in terms of diffusion?
What is the relationship between surface area and volume in terms of diffusion?
How does active transport differ from diffusion?
How does active transport differ from diffusion?
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Which of the following is NOT a way that the alveoli are adapted for efficient gas exchange?
Which of the following is NOT a way that the alveoli are adapted for efficient gas exchange?
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Study Notes
Diffusion
- Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
- Factors that increase the rate of diffusion:
- Higher temperature
- Larger surface area
- Steeper concentration gradient
- Shorter distance
Solutions
- Dilute solution: Low solute concentration, high water concentration.
- Concentrated solution: High solute concentration, low water concentration.
Tonicity
- Hypertonic solution: Low water concentration, high solute.
- Hypotonic solution: High water concentration, low solute.
Active Transport
- Active transport moves substances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, requiring energy produced by mitochondria.
Root Hair Cells
- Root hair cells absorb water actively, due to a high density of mitochondria (for energy)
- Root hair cells are specifically adapted for water uptake to generate the energy to do the active transport.
Surface Area to Volume Ratio
- To calculate volume: length x width x height
- To calculate surface area: length x width x number of sides
- A high surface area to volume ratio is important for efficient exchange of materials.
Alveoli (Lungs)
- Increased surface area in alveoli allows for more efficient oxygen diffusion.
- Good blood supply creates a steep concentration gradient for oxygen.
- Thin walls and short diffusion distance facilitate rapid gas exchange.
- Effective ventilation maintains a concentration gradient.
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Description
Explore the important concepts of diffusion, tonicity, and active transport in biology. Understand how molecules move across membranes and the role of root hair cells in absorbing water. This quiz will test your knowledge of solutions and their properties.
