Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following factors would increase the rate of diffusion?
Which of the following factors would increase the rate of diffusion?
- Increasing the distance between the areas of high and low concentration
- Increasing the concentration gradient (correct)
- Decreasing the temperature
- Decreasing the surface area
A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:
A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:
- Gain water and swell (correct)
- Lose water and shrink
- Become more concentrated with solutes
- Remain the same size
What is the relationship between surface area and volume in terms of diffusion?
What is the relationship between surface area and volume in terms of diffusion?
- A smaller surface area to volume ratio will result in faster diffusion (correct)
- The surface area to volume ratio is not a relevant factor in diffusion
- Surface area and volume have no impact on diffusion rate
- A larger surface area to volume ratio will result in slower diffusion
How does active transport differ from diffusion?
How does active transport differ from diffusion?
Which of the following is NOT a way that the alveoli are adapted for efficient gas exchange?
Which of the following is NOT a way that the alveoli are adapted for efficient gas exchange?
Flashcards
Diffusion
Diffusion
The movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration.
Factors affecting diffusion rate
Factors affecting diffusion rate
Temperature, surface area, concentration gradient, and distance influence diffusion speed.
Hypotonic solution
Hypotonic solution
A solution with high concentration of water and low concentration of solute.
Active transport
Active transport
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Surface area to volume ratio
Surface area to volume ratio
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Study Notes
Diffusion
- Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
- Factors that increase the rate of diffusion:
- Higher temperature
- Larger surface area
- Steeper concentration gradient
- Shorter distance
Solutions
- Dilute solution: Low solute concentration, high water concentration.
- Concentrated solution: High solute concentration, low water concentration.
Tonicity
- Hypertonic solution: Low water concentration, high solute.
- Hypotonic solution: High water concentration, low solute.
Active Transport
- Active transport moves substances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, requiring energy produced by mitochondria.
Root Hair Cells
- Root hair cells absorb water actively, due to a high density of mitochondria (for energy)
- Root hair cells are specifically adapted for water uptake to generate the energy to do the active transport.
Surface Area to Volume Ratio
- To calculate volume: length x width x height
- To calculate surface area: length x width x number of sides
- A high surface area to volume ratio is important for efficient exchange of materials.
Alveoli (Lungs)
- Increased surface area in alveoli allows for more efficient oxygen diffusion.
- Good blood supply creates a steep concentration gradient for oxygen.
- Thin walls and short diffusion distance facilitate rapid gas exchange.
- Effective ventilation maintains a concentration gradient.
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