Active Transport and Facilitated Diffusion of Ions
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of microvilli?

  • Motion detection
  • Aiding in digestion (correct)
  • Sensing light
  • Connecting adjacent cells
  • Where are microvilli commonly found?

  • Small intestines (correct)
  • Male reproductive system
  • Endothelial cells
  • Cardiac muscle
  • Which structure is responsible for forming a strong cohesive epithelium by linking to cytoskeletons of adjacent cells?

  • Hemidesmosomes
  • Intermediate filaments
  • Microvilli
  • Zonula adherens (correct)
  • What is a characteristic feature that distinguishes stereocilia from microvilli?

    <p>Longer and less motile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are hemidesmosomes located?

    <p>Lateral plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter of microvilli?

    <p>0.2μm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Through which structure does water move from the intestine into the blood?

    <p>Zonula occludens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of tight junctions in epithelial cells?

    <p>Preventing exchange between apical and basolateral plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is the most integral inside a tight junction?

    <p>Claudins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are cilia most abundant in terms of cell type?

    <p>Cuboidal or columnar cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of desmosomes in epithelial cells?

    <p>Linking cells to underlying basement membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intercellular junction type is responsible for controlling paracellular diffusion?

    <p>Tight junction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which process do molecules or ions move down their concentration gradient due to their kinetic energy until reaching equilibrium?

    <p>Vesicular active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following transport systems involves molecules moving from high concentration to low concentration?

    <p>Antiport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecules can diffuse through the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Neutral polar molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves substances moving across the membrane against their concentration gradient by utilizing energy from ATP hydrolysis?

    <p>Sodium-potassium ATPase pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of symport and antiport mechanisms?

    <p>Movement of molecules in the same direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pump can be observed in the thick ascending limb of the kidney and helps in moving sodium, potassium, and chloride ions?

    <p>Sodium-potassium-chloride pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major product of apocrine secretion?

    <p>Lipid droplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of gland secretes substances via exocytosis from membrane-bound vesicles or secretory granules?

    <p>Merocrine gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glands undergo terminal differentiation and secrete substances via complete cell destructions?

    <p>Sebaceous glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland type has secretory units with small ducts that converge at a larger duct?

    <p>Compound acinar gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example fits the description of a mixed seromucous gland?

    <p>Submandibular gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common method of protein or glycoprotein secretion in most exocrine glands?

    <p>Secretion via exocytosis from secretory granules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can stratified cuboidal epithelium be found?

    <p>Excretory duct of salivary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main functions of transitional epithelium?

    <p>Protection and secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which histologic type of epithelium is relatively rare?

    <p>Stratified cuboidal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of stratified columnar epithelium?

    <p>Protection and secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What special feature does transitional epithelium have to make it waterproof?

    <p>Umbrella cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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