Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which accessory organ of the digestive system produces bile?
Which accessory organ of the digestive system produces bile?
The large intestine is primarily responsible for absorbing nutrients.
The large intestine is primarily responsible for absorbing nutrients.
False (B)
What is the purpose of bile in digestion?
What is the purpose of bile in digestion?
emulsify fat
The pancreas releases digestive enzymes into the ______.
The pancreas releases digestive enzymes into the ______.
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Match each kingdom with its description:
Match each kingdom with its description:
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Which of the following is a component of blood?
Which of the following is a component of blood?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of plants?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of plants?
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In a monohybrid cross, only one trait is considered.
In a monohybrid cross, only one trait is considered.
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Individual organisms evolve over time.
Individual organisms evolve over time.
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Name one genetic disorder caused by nondisjunction.
Name one genetic disorder caused by nondisjunction.
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The process of cell division that results in two identical cells is called ______.
The process of cell division that results in two identical cells is called ______.
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What are the two parts of binomial nomenclature?
What are the two parts of binomial nomenclature?
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The levels of classification from broadest to most specific are Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, ______, and Species.
The levels of classification from broadest to most specific are Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, ______, and Species.
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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What is the primary function of arteries?
What is the primary function of arteries?
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Match the following terms:
Match the following terms:
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Pulmonary circulation carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
Pulmonary circulation carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
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What are the two main requirements for a respiratory surface?
What are the two main requirements for a respiratory surface?
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Blood types are an example of ______ because there can be more than two options for a trait.
Blood types are an example of ______ because there can be more than two options for a trait.
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Which of the following is NOT a part of the heart's conduction system?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the heart's conduction system?
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Which of the following is NOT considered evidence for evolution?
Which of the following is NOT considered evidence for evolution?
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Lamarck's theory of evolution is based on natural selection.
Lamarck's theory of evolution is based on natural selection.
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What is the term for the process where humans select for specific traits in organisms?
What is the term for the process where humans select for specific traits in organisms?
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A change in a gene pool that results from a rapid decrease in population size is known as the ______ effect.
A change in a gene pool that results from a rapid decrease in population size is known as the ______ effect.
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Match the scientist with their contribution to evolutionary theory:
Match the scientist with their contribution to evolutionary theory:
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What is the primary source of new genetic variation in a species?
What is the primary source of new genetic variation in a species?
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The founder effect occurs when a large population is suddenly reduced by a natural disaster.
The founder effect occurs when a large population is suddenly reduced by a natural disaster.
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What is the title of the book Charles Darwin wrote that is famous for explaining evolution?
What is the title of the book Charles Darwin wrote that is famous for explaining evolution?
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Individuals that are better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and produce more offspring which is known as '______' in Darwin's theory.
Individuals that are better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and produce more offspring which is known as '______' in Darwin's theory.
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Which of these processes can lead to changes in allele frequencies within a population due to random events?
Which of these processes can lead to changes in allele frequencies within a population due to random events?
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Study Notes
Exam Information
- Date: Friday, January 24
- Time: 8:50 AM
- Location: Room 250
- Length: 2 hours
Exam Outline
- Scantron: 45 multiple choice questions (45 marks)
- Scantron: 25 matching questions (25 marks)
- Short Answer Questions (4 questions, 3 mandatory): 25 marks
- Labeling Diagrams: 8 marks
- Total Marks: 103
Hint
- All exam questions are covered in the PowerPoint
- Some concepts are not on the exam
- Refer to the image to identify concepts to ignore
Genetic Processes
- Topic covered
Cell Cycle
- Topic covered
Genetic Material - DNA, RNA Structure and Function
- DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- RNA: Ribonucleic Acid
- AT&T, CoGeco (referencing base pairing)
Interphase, Mitosis/Meiosis, Cytokinesis
- Mitosis results in two diploid daughter cells
- Meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells
- Processes detailed in diagrams
Errors in Meiosis
- Nondisjunction may cause genetic disorders (Klinefelter's, Down's, Turner's)
- Diagrams explain abnormal chromosome numbers (n+1, n-1 etc.)
Human Chromosomes
- 46 chromosomes in total
- 22 pairs of autosomes
- 2 sex chromosomes (XY for male, XX for female)
Mendelian Genetics
- RRYY, rrүү, and RrYy illustrating inheritance patterns
- (Refer to diagrams for details)
Terms: Phenotype, Genotype, Dominant, Recessive, Allele, Gene
- Genotype: Genetic makeup
- Phenotype: Observable traits (e.g., purple or white flower)
- Alleles: Variant forms of a gene
- Dominant/Recessive: Relationship between alleles
Monohybrid Cross
- Diagram illustrating Punnett Square
- 3:1 phenotypic ratio of yellow to green seeds in F2 generation
- 1:2:1 genotypic ratio in F2 generation
Non-Mendelian Genetics
- Topic covered
- Examples Include Incomplete Dominance, Codominance, Multiple Alleles. (Refer to diagrams)
Multiple Alleles (Blood Types)
- ABO blood group systems
- I^A, I^B, and i alleles determine blood types
- (Refer to diagram for details)
Patterns of Inheritance
- Pedigree analysis (e.g., X-linked recessive disorders)
- Details of inheritance type illustrated
X-linked, Autosomal
- X-linked recessive inheritance is detailed.
- (Refer to diagrams for details)
Genetic Diseases - X-Linked and Autosomal
- Hemophilia and Sickle cell anemia are examples of diseases.
- (Refer to diagrams for details)
Animal Structure and Function
- Topic covered
Parts of a Cell and their Functions
- Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Ribosomes, Mitochondria, Lysosome, Golgi body, and Endoplasmic reticulum are components of a cell.
- (Refer to diagram for details)
Circulatory System
- Topic covered
Components of Blood
- Plasma, Red blood cells, White blood cells, Platelets
Structure and Function of Blood Cells
- Detailed information in diagrams
Blood Types
- Related to genetics. (Refer to genetics section)
Blood Vessels
- Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins, and their layers
- (Refer to diagram for details)
Heart Structure and Function
- Diagrams and descriptions of heart parts
Heart Conduction System
- Description of SA node, AV node, Bundle of His
- Heart sounds (LUB and DUB)
- (Refer to diagram for details)
Systemic Circulation, Cardiac Circulation, Pulmonary Circulation
- Types of blood circulation
- Diagrams of circulatory pathways
- Detailed descriptions in diagrams
Blood Pressure
- Diagram shows measurement of systolic and diastolic pressure
- Detailed descriptions of blood pressure
Cardiac Technologies and Diseases
- ECGs, Arrhythmias, and Myocardial Infarction.
- (Refer to diagrams)
Respiratory System
- Topic covered
Organs/Parts of the Respiratory System and their Functions
- Organs involved. (Refer to diagram)
2 Main Requirements for Respiration
- Respiratory surface and moist environments
- (Refer to diagrams)
Mechanics of Respiration
- Inhalation
- Exhalation
- Diagrams illustrating actions
Lung Capacity
- Measurements and descriptions
- (Refer to diagrams)
Respiratory Disorders
- Examples such as Emphysema and Asthma.
- (Refer to diagrams)
Digestive System
- Topic covered
Organs/Parts of Digestive System
- All the organs in the digestive system
- (Refer to diagram)
Accessory Organs
- Gallbladder, Liver, Pancreas and their functions
- (Refer to diagrams)
Enzymes and Nutrients
- 4 macro-molecules (carbohydrate, lipid, protein, nucleic acid)
- Role of enzymes in digestion
- (Refer to diagrams)
Why do we need to eat Vegetables?
- Insoluble fiber vs Soluble fiber. and its benefits.
- Detailed description about these.
Digestive mechanisms/processes are detailed.
- Mechanical/Physical Digestion
- Chemical Digestion
- Absorption.
Digestive disorders
- Ex. Hiatal hernia, GERD.
- (Refer to diagrams)
Diversity of Living Things
- Topic covered
- Detail regarding kingdoms and major phyla
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
- Cell structures and characteristics.
- (Refer to diagrams)
Archaea vs. Bacteria
- Comparison of structures and characteristics
- (Refer to diagrams)
Gram Positive vs. Gram Negative Bacteria
- Comparisons
- (Refer to diagram)
Kingdom Animalia Characteristics
- Heterotrophic, Eukaryotic, Multicellular, Motile, Sense Organs
- (Refer to diagrams)
Binomial Nomenclature
- Rules and formatting
- Classification system (DKPCOFGS - or a similar detailed explanation)
- (Refer to diagram)
Dichotomous Key For Leaves
- The steps in using a dichotomous key to identify different leaf types.
Viruses (Structure, Reproduction Methods)
- Viral structure: Capsid, DNA, Envelope.
- Reproduction methods: Lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle
- (Refer to diagram)
Plants
- Topic covered
Characteristics of Plants
- Plant cell structure and characteristics
- Autotrophic (photosynthetic) and details
- (Refer to diagram)
Parts of Flowers
- The various parts of a flower
- Diagrams and descriptions
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
- Differences, characteristics and diagrams
- (Refer to diagrams)
Evolution
- Topic covered
Individual Organisms vs Populations
- Individuals do not evolve, populations evolve
- (Refer to diagrams)
Evidence of Evolution
- Fossils, Anatomy, Embryology, DNA
Charles Darwin-Contribution to Evolution
- Theory of evolution by natural selection, its parts, and explanation
- Diagram of Darwin and Lamarck's theory compared.
- Detailed descriptions
Natural Selection vs Artificial Selection
- The examples and characteristics of these
Mutation
- Types of mutations: Germ-line and somatic
- Effects and significance of mutations (benign, harmful, beneficial).
- (Refer to diagram)
Microevolution
- Gene Flow, Genetic Drift, Bottleneck effect, founder effect -(Refer to diagrams)
Macroevolution
- Speciation, reproductive isolating mechanisms , allopatric and sympatric speciation.
- (Refer to diagrams)
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Description
Test your knowledge with this quiz focused on key concepts from Biology Chapter 5. Questions cover the digestive system, genetics, and classification of life forms. Challenge yourself on essential biological processes and functions.
