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Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic of an enzyme's active site?
What is the primary characteristic of an enzyme's active site?
Which of the following statements about catabolic reactions is true?
Which of the following statements about catabolic reactions is true?
What factor does NOT affect enzyme activity?
What factor does NOT affect enzyme activity?
What process utilizes enzyme-controlled reactions to produce a product?
What process utilizes enzyme-controlled reactions to produce a product?
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What is a major disadvantage of using free enzymes in industrial processes?
What is a major disadvantage of using free enzymes in industrial processes?
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What happens to an enzyme when it undergoes denaturation?
What happens to an enzyme when it undergoes denaturation?
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Which best describes the role of a bioreactor?
Which best describes the role of a bioreactor?
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What defines enzyme specificity?
What defines enzyme specificity?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of enzymes?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of enzymes?
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What is the primary reason for leaving the beads in the calcium chloride solution for 15 minutes?
What is the primary reason for leaving the beads in the calcium chloride solution for 15 minutes?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of immobilized enzymes?
Which of the following is a characteristic of immobilized enzymes?
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What is the substrate used in the enzyme activity mentioned in the document?
What is the substrate used in the enzyme activity mentioned in the document?
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Why is washing-up liquid added to the enzyme reaction mixture?
Why is washing-up liquid added to the enzyme reaction mixture?
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What type of biomolecule are enzymes classified as?
What type of biomolecule are enzymes classified as?
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What are the products of the enzyme reaction mentioned in the activity?
What are the products of the enzyme reaction mentioned in the activity?
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Which factor needs to remain constant during the enzyme activity to ensure accurate results?
Which factor needs to remain constant during the enzyme activity to ensure accurate results?
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How was the temperature modified during the enzyme activity experiment?
How was the temperature modified during the enzyme activity experiment?
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What happens to an enzyme when it becomes denatured?
What happens to an enzyme when it becomes denatured?
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Where within the cell are enzymes synthesized?
Where within the cell are enzymes synthesized?
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Study Notes
Metabolism
- Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions occurring within the body.
- Anabolic reactions build larger molecules from smaller ones (e.g., photosynthesis).
- Catabolic reactions break down larger molecules into smaller ones (e.g., digestion).
Enzymes
- Catalysts accelerate reaction rates without being consumed.
- Enzymes specifically act as biological catalysts and are protein-based.
- Enzymes are globular in structure, allowing specific interactions with substrates.
- A substrate is the molecule an enzyme interacts with, while the product is the outcome of this interaction.
- Enzymes regulate metabolic reactions, ensuring proper body function.
Activation Energy and Factors Affecting Enzymes
- Activation energy is the minimum energy necessary for a reaction to occur.
- pH and temperature are crucial factors influencing enzyme activity.
Bioprocessing and Bioreactors
- Bioprocessing utilizes enzyme-driven reactions to generate products.
- A bioreactor is a controlled environment for conducting biological processes.
Immobilised Enzymes
- Immobilised enzymes are fixed to one another or to an inert support, facilitating reuse.
- Benefits include recycling enzymes and eliminating the need for additional purification post-reaction.
Enzyme Specificity and Denaturation
- Enzyme specificity refers to each enzyme interacting with a specific substrate due to the unique shape of their active sites.
- Denaturation occurs when enzymes lose their shape, rendering them inactive due to altered active sites.
Experimental Procedures
- In experiments, hydrogen peroxide was used as the substrate for enzyme reaction with catalase.
- Washing-up liquid facilitates oxygen foam formation during reactions.
- Constant factors, such as temperature, ensure the validity of experimental results.
- The reaction rate is assessed by measuring oxygen volume produced.
Temperature Effects on Enzymes
- Enzymes are categorized as proteins and function optimally within narrow temperature ranges.
- High temperatures (e.g., above 60°C) can denature enzymes, inhibiting their functionality.
Enzyme Production
- Enzymes are synthesized in the cell's ribosomes, where they are assembled from amino acids.
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Description
Test your knowledge on metabolism, chemical reactions, and catalysts in this quiz for Biology Chapter 5. Explore the concepts of anabolic and catabolic reactions, and understand the role of catalysts in biochemical processes.
