Biology Chapter 5 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of an enzyme's active site?

It can accommodate multiple substrates at once.

It is permanently altered after a reaction.

It has a fixed shape that does not change.

It can only bind to a specific substrate. (correct)

Which of the following statements about catabolic reactions is true?

They do not release energy.

They convert large molecules into smaller ones. (correct)

They build larger molecules from smaller ones.

They require lower activation energy than anabolic reactions.

What factor does NOT affect enzyme activity?

Shape of the enzyme

Temperature

Concentration of substrate

Presence of catalysts (correct)

What process utilizes enzyme-controlled reactions to produce a product?

Bioprocessing Signup and view all the answers

What is a major disadvantage of using free enzymes in industrial processes?

They are prone to denaturation. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to an enzyme when it undergoes denaturation?

It loses its specific shape and function. Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the role of a bioreactor?

It acts as a vessel for biological reactions. Signup and view all the answers

What defines enzyme specificity?

The ability to interact effectively with only one substrate. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of enzymes?

They increase the activation energy required for reactions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for leaving the beads in the calcium chloride solution for 15 minutes?

To harden the beads Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of immobilized enzymes?

They can be reused multiple times Signup and view all the answers

What is the substrate used in the enzyme activity mentioned in the document?

Hydrogen peroxide Signup and view all the answers

Why is washing-up liquid added to the enzyme reaction mixture?

To allow the oxygen to form foam Signup and view all the answers

What type of biomolecule are enzymes classified as?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

What are the products of the enzyme reaction mentioned in the activity?

Water and oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Which factor needs to remain constant during the enzyme activity to ensure accurate results?

pH Signup and view all the answers

How was the temperature modified during the enzyme activity experiment?

With different temperatures of water baths Signup and view all the answers

What happens to an enzyme when it becomes denatured?

It loses its functional shape Signup and view all the answers

Where within the cell are enzymes synthesized?

Ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Metabolism

Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions occurring within the body.
Anabolic reactions build larger molecules from smaller ones (e.g., photosynthesis).
Catabolic reactions break down larger molecules into smaller ones (e.g., digestion).

Enzymes

Catalysts accelerate reaction rates without being consumed.
Enzymes specifically act as biological catalysts and are protein-based.
Enzymes are globular in structure, allowing specific interactions with substrates.
A substrate is the molecule an enzyme interacts with, while the product is the outcome of this interaction.
Enzymes regulate metabolic reactions, ensuring proper body function.

Activation Energy and Factors Affecting Enzymes

Activation energy is the minimum energy necessary for a reaction to occur.
pH and temperature are crucial factors influencing enzyme activity.

Bioprocessing and Bioreactors

Bioprocessing utilizes enzyme-driven reactions to generate products.
A bioreactor is a controlled environment for conducting biological processes.

Immobilised Enzymes

Immobilised enzymes are fixed to one another or to an inert support, facilitating reuse.
Benefits include recycling enzymes and eliminating the need for additional purification post-reaction.

Enzyme Specificity and Denaturation

Enzyme specificity refers to each enzyme interacting with a specific substrate due to the unique shape of their active sites.
Denaturation occurs when enzymes lose their shape, rendering them inactive due to altered active sites.

Experimental Procedures

In experiments, hydrogen peroxide was used as the substrate for enzyme reaction with catalase.
Washing-up liquid facilitates oxygen foam formation during reactions.
Constant factors, such as temperature, ensure the validity of experimental results.
The reaction rate is assessed by measuring oxygen volume produced.

Temperature Effects on Enzymes

Enzymes are categorized as proteins and function optimally within narrow temperature ranges.
High temperatures (e.g., above 60°C) can denature enzymes, inhibiting their functionality.

Enzyme Production

Enzymes are synthesized in the cell's ribosomes, where they are assembled from amino acids.

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Description

Test your knowledge on metabolism, chemical reactions, and catalysts in this quiz for Biology Chapter 5. Explore the concepts of anabolic and catabolic reactions, and understand the role of catalysts in biochemical processes.