29 Questions
What is the smallest living unit?
Cell
How do cells communicate with each other?
Through the release of chemical substances and by physical connection
What is the function of centrioles?
To produce the spindle fibers seen during cell division
What is the main component of cilia and flagella?
Microtubules
What is the region between the cell membrane and nuclear membrane?
Cytoplasm
What is the function of microvillus?
To increase the cell's surface area
What is the main function of the nucleus in a cell?
Control center of the cell
Which type of protein filament is the thinnest in the cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments
What is the function of the nucleolus in the cell?
Production of ribosomal RNA
What is the function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum in the cell?
Protein synthesis
How many chromosomes are found in a human cell?
46
What is the function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum in the cell?
Lipid synthesis
What is the primary function of the mitochondrion in a cell?
To provide the cell with energy in the form of ATP
What is the role of the Golgi Complex in a cell?
To package and export substances from the cell
What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
To contain powerful enzymes that break down substances within the cell
What is the difference between aerobic cellular respiration and lactic acid fermentation?
Aerobic cellular respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen, while lactic acid fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen
What is the structure of the mitochondrion that increases its surface area for energy production?
Inner membrane folded into partitions called cristae
What is the primary function of enzymes in metabolic pathways?
To speed up each step of the pathway
Where does the citric acid cycle take place in the cell?
Mitochondria
What is the byproduct of lactic acid fermentation?
Lactic acid
What is the function of the phospholipid bilayer in the cell membrane?
To separate the extracellular fluid from the cytoplasm
What is the term for a carbohydrate attached to a protein in the cell membrane?
Glycoprotein
Why is the cell membrane selectively permeable?
Because it has a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
What is the primary function of the membrane protein in facilitated diffusion?
To assist the movement of water-soluble substances across the membrane
What type of solution will cause a cell to shrink?
Hypertonic solution
Which type of transport requires energy and involves the movement of substances from a lower concentration to a higher concentration?
Active transport
What is the term for the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a higher concentration to a lower concentration?
Osmosis
What is the process by which substances cross the cell membrane through invagination?
Endocytosis
What is the result of a cell being placed in a hypotonic solution?
The cell will swell and may burst
Identify the different parts of a cell and understand how cells communicate with each other through chemical substances and physical connections. Learn about the formation of cells from a zygote and the different types of cells, including epithelial, muscle, and nerve cells.
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