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Questions and Answers
The cell walls of fungi are composed of?
The cell walls of fungi are composed of?
chitin
Which unicellular fungus is probably in most kitchens?
Which unicellular fungus is probably in most kitchens?
yeast
Fungi that lack septa are called?
Fungi that lack septa are called?
coenocytic
In a fungus, a complex multicellular reproductive structure is called a(n)?
In a fungus, a complex multicellular reproductive structure is called a(n)?
The structure labeled as 1 in the diagram is a?
The structure labeled as 1 in the diagram is a?
What is missing in the filament labeled as A?
What is missing in the filament labeled as A?
A ____ is a tangled mass of hyphae.
A ____ is a tangled mass of hyphae.
Most fungal spores are ____ reproductive cells that are produced ____.
Most fungal spores are ____ reproductive cells that are produced ____.
Dikaryotic cells are denoted as _____ rather than _____ because there are two separate haploid nuclei.
Dikaryotic cells are denoted as _____ rather than _____ because there are two separate haploid nuclei.
Which is an example of a member of phylum Zygomycota?
Which is an example of a member of phylum Zygomycota?
When bread gets moldy with visible black or blue spots, you are looking at masses of the colored?
When bread gets moldy with visible black or blue spots, you are looking at masses of the colored?
The sac fungi are characterized by sexual reproductive structures called?
The sac fungi are characterized by sexual reproductive structures called?
Ascomycetes reproduce sexually by forming?
Ascomycetes reproduce sexually by forming?
Production of ____ is a means of rapidly propagating new mycelia when environmental conditions are favorable for ascomycetes.
Production of ____ is a means of rapidly propagating new mycelia when environmental conditions are favorable for ascomycetes.
Yeasts reproduce asexually by?
Yeasts reproduce asexually by?
The club fungi typically reproduce by producing?
The club fungi typically reproduce by producing?
Which process takes place within the young basidia on the gills of the mushroom?
Which process takes place within the young basidia on the gills of the mushroom?
Mushrooms that we eat are technically referred to as?
Mushrooms that we eat are technically referred to as?
Members of phylum ____ are the most primitive of the fungi and were previously classified as protists.
Members of phylum ____ are the most primitive of the fungi and were previously classified as protists.
Phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are considered ____ because they share a more recent common ancestor with each other than either does with any other group.
Phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are considered ____ because they share a more recent common ancestor with each other than either does with any other group.
The structure labeled as 4 in the diagram is a?
The structure labeled as 4 in the diagram is a?
Of the following, which would be predicted to grow at the slowest rate?
Of the following, which would be predicted to grow at the slowest rate?
How do mycorrhizae benefit plants?
How do mycorrhizae benefit plants?
The fungus that causes black stem rust of wheat belongs to which fungal group?
The fungus that causes black stem rust of wheat belongs to which fungal group?
Consuming even a single mushroom of the genus ____ can be fatal.
Consuming even a single mushroom of the genus ____ can be fatal.
Which genus is used to produce beer and wine?
Which genus is used to produce beer and wine?
The cell walls of fungi are composed of cellulose.
The cell walls of fungi are composed of cellulose.
Conidia are asexual spores.
Conidia are asexual spores.
Chytrids produce spores that lack a flagellum.
Chytrids produce spores that lack a flagellum.
Microsporidia are unicellular parasites of animals.
Microsporidia are unicellular parasites of animals.
In mushrooms, karyogamy occurs within the basidium.
In mushrooms, karyogamy occurs within the basidium.
A lichen is a combination of a fungus and a(n) photoautotroph.
A lichen is a combination of a fungus and a(n) photoautotroph.
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Study Notes
Fungi Structure and Composition
- Fungi have cell walls composed of chitin, unlike plants which have cellulose.
- Coenocytic fungi lack septa, resulting in a continuous cytoplasmic mass.
- Mycelium refers to a tangled mass of hyphae that forms the body of the fungus.
Reproductive Structures and Processes
- The fruiting body is a complex multicellular reproductive structure in fungi.
- Basidiocarps are the mushrooms that are commonly consumed.
- Ascomycetes reproduce through structures called asci, producing ascospores.
- Basidia are the structures through which club fungi typically reproduce.
Fungal Classification
- Black bread mold is a representative of the phylum Zygomycota.
- The Chytridiomycota phylum consists of the most primitive fungi, previously thought to be protists.
- Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are considered sister taxa due to a shared recent common ancestor.
Fungal Reproduction and Life Cycle
- Most fungal spores are nonmotile and can be produced either sexually or asexually.
- Yeasts primarily reproduce asexually through budding.
- Karyogamy, the fusion of nuclei, occurs within the basidia of mushrooms.
Ecological Roles and Interactions
- Mycorrhizae enhance plant roots' absorptive surface area, benefiting plant nutrition.
- Lichens represent a symbiotic relationship between fungi and photoautotrophs.
Fungal Problems and Use
- The fungus causing black stem rust of wheat belongs to the basidiomycetes group.
- The genus Amanita includes types of mushrooms that can be fatal if ingested.
- Saccharomyces is a key genus used in the production of beer and wine.
True or False Statements
- Fungi possess chitin in their cell walls; they do not contain cellulose.
- Conidia are confirmed as asexual spores, while chytrids produce flagellated spores.
- Microsporidia are unicellular parasites affecting animals, and true karyogamy occurs within the basidium during mushroom development.
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