Biology Chapter 23: The Evolution of Populations

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary condition necessary for a population to be in evolutionary equilibrium?

  • Allele frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next. (correct)
  • There is no gene flow into or out of the population.
  • The population is not subject to genetic drift.
  • The population is extremely large.

Which of the following is a direct consequence of increased population diversity?

  • Reduced gene flow
  • Increased genetic drift
  • Increased adaptation to the environment
  • Decreased allele fixation (correct)

What is the term for the entire collection of alleles in a population?

  • Gene pool (correct)
  • Genetic drift
  • Allele frequency
  • Hardy-Weinberg principle

According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, what is the condition necessary for a population to be in genetic equilibrium?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that maintains evolutionary equilibrium in a population?

<p>Natural selection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a single allele becomes fixed in a population, resulting in the loss of genetic variation?

<p>Allele fixation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of genetic drift in a population?

<p>Loss of genetic variation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is most likely to increase population diversity?

<p>Gene flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate outcome of genetic drift in a small population?

<p>Allee fixation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions does the Hardy-Weinberg principle apply?

<p>When there is no gene flow, mutation, or genetic drift (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the bottleneck effect on a population's gene pool?

<p>Reduced genetic diversity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is least likely to lead to allele fixation in a population?

<p>Gene flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of a population not being genetically representative of the original population?

<p>Loss of genetic variation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism driving adaptive evolution in a population?

<p>Natural selection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between fitness and the ability to leave offspring in evolutionary terms?

<p>Fitness is directly proportional to the ability to leave offspring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a population being in evolutionary equilibrium?

<p>The population's gene pool is stable and unchanged (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between stabilizing and directional selection?

<p>Stabilizing selection favors intermediate types, while directional selection favors extreme variants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of allele fixation in a population?

<p>Loss of genetic variation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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