Biology Chapter 23: The Evolution of Populations
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary condition necessary for a population to be in evolutionary equilibrium?

  • Allele frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next. (correct)
  • There is no gene flow into or out of the population.
  • The population is not subject to genetic drift.
  • The population is extremely large.

    • Which of the following is a direct consequence of increased population diversity?

  • Reduced gene flow
  • Increased genetic drift
  • Increased adaptation to the environment
  • Decreased allele fixation (correct)

    • What is the term for the entire collection of alleles in a population?

  • Gene pool (correct)
  • Genetic drift
  • Allele frequency
  • Hardy-Weinberg principle

    • According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, what is the condition necessary for a population to be in genetic equilibrium?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism that maintains evolutionary equilibrium in a population?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a single allele becomes fixed in a population, resulting in the loss of genetic variation?

    <p>Allele fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of genetic drift in a population?

    <p>Loss of genetic variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is most likely to increase population diversity?

    <p>Gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate outcome of genetic drift in a small population?

    <p>Allee fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions does the Hardy-Weinberg principle apply?

    <p>When there is no gene flow, mutation, or genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the bottleneck effect on a population's gene pool?

    <p>Reduced genetic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is least likely to lead to allele fixation in a population?

    <p>Gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of a population not being genetically representative of the original population?

    <p>Loss of genetic variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism driving adaptive evolution in a population?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between fitness and the ability to leave offspring in evolutionary terms?

    <p>Fitness is directly proportional to the ability to leave offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a population being in evolutionary equilibrium?

    <p>The population's gene pool is stable and unchanged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between stabilizing and directional selection?

    <p>Stabilizing selection favors intermediate types, while directional selection favors extreme variants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of allele fixation in a population?

    <p>Loss of genetic variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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