Population Genetics Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary outcome of natural selection within a population?

  • Increase in genetic mutation rates
  • Enhancement of reproductive success for certain traits (correct)
  • Equal distribution of alleles in all individuals
  • Random changes in allele frequencies

Which process is primarily responsible for the establishment of a new population by a small group?

  • Bottleneck effect
  • Founder effect (correct)
  • Gene flow
  • Genetic drift

What does gene flow specifically refer to in the context of population genetics?

  • The movement of alleles into or out of a population (correct)
  • The random changes in alleles due to chance events
  • The selection of mates based on specific traits
  • The gradual evolution of a population over time

Microevolution is best described as changes that occur in which of the following?

<p>The allele frequencies within a gene pool (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can lead to genetic drift in a population?

<p>A severe decrease in population size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Population

All members of a species living in the same place at the same time.

Mutation

Random changes in an organism's DNA.

Gene Flow

Movement of genes between populations.

Non-random mating

Individuals choosing mates based on specific traits.

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Genetic drift

Changes in allele frequencies due to chance events in small populations.

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Study Notes

Population Genetics

  • A population is all the members of a species in a specific area at a given time.
  • Mutations are random changes in an organism's DNA.
  • Gene flow is the movement of alleles into or out of a population.
  • Non-random mating involves one sex choosing mates based on certain traits.
  • Genetic drift is random changes in allele frequencies, significant in small populations.
  • Founder effect: a small group establishes a new population, leading to a different allele frequency than the original population.
  • Bottleneck effect: a drastic reduction in population size leads to a different allele frequency.
  • Natural selection favors traits that improve reproduction.
  • Evolution is changes in a population's characteristics over time.
  • Microevolution is changes in allele frequencies within a population's gene pool over time.

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