COPY: Biology Chapter 20: Blood Vessels and Circulation

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Which type of receptors monitor blood pressure and are located in the walls of the internal carotid artery?

Mechanoreceptors

Chemoreceptors

Baroreceptors (correct)

Thermoreceptors

What is the main function of vasomotion in blood pressure regulation?

To adjust blood viscosity

To redirect blood to modify perfusion and increase blood pressure in certain situations (correct)

To regulate cardiac output

To reduce blood pressure during exercise

Which type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

Arteries (correct)

Capillaries

Venules

Veins

What is the primary function of the respiratory pump in the circulatory system?

To push blood upwards through the veins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones reduces blood pressure by increasing sodium excretion?

Natriuretic peptides Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve transmits information from the carotid bodies to the brainstem respiratory center?

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tunica interna in blood vessels?

To secrete chemicals to dilate or constrict the vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure?

Pulse pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the arterioles in the circulatory system?

To generate the most systemic vascular resistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition where blood pools in the veins of the lower legs, causing the vein to stretch and the valves to become incompetent?

Varicose veins Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the network of small blood vessels that supply nutrients to the walls of the large blood vessels?

Varo vasorum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can cause hypotension?

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the body's blood is typically found in the veins at rest?

64% Signup and view all the answers

What type of arteries have sensory structures in their walls that monitor blood pressure and composition?

Some major arteries above the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the force of blood against a vessel wall?

Blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the main chemical stimulus that triggers vasodilation or vasoconstriction in cerebral arteries?

pH levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of ischemia in a part of the body?

Restricted blood flow and oxygen levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of shock that occurs when the body's compensatory mechanisms fail and positive feedback loops occur?

Decompensated shock Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the sudden death of brain tissue caused by ischemia?

Stroke Signup and view all the answers

What is the response of the body when a person faints and falls into a horizontal position?

Compensate shock Signup and view all the answers

What is the average pressure in the central venous pressure where the vena cava enters the heart?

4.6 mmHg Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for blood flow from the head and neck towards the heart?

Gravity Signup and view all the answers

COPY: Biology Chapter 20: Blood Vessels and Circulation - medium

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