Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the term used to name one of the identical or similar subunits of a larger molecule?
What is the term used to name one of the identical or similar subunits of a larger molecule?
- Polymer
- Monomer (correct)
- Nucleotide
- Dimer
________ refers to the sum of all the chemical reactions in the body.
________ refers to the sum of all the chemical reactions in the body.
Metabolism
The molecule called _______ may combine with an inorganic phosphate to form ATP.
The molecule called _______ may combine with an inorganic phosphate to form ATP.
Adenosine Diphosphate
In the scenario of saltwater being a solution of NaCl (salt) in water, NaCl is the _____.
In the scenario of saltwater being a solution of NaCl (salt) in water, NaCl is the _____.
An organic molecule composed of a nitrogenous base, a monosaccharide, and a phosphate group, which is the monomer of nucleic acids, is called a _______.
An organic molecule composed of a nitrogenous base, a monosaccharide, and a phosphate group, which is the monomer of nucleic acids, is called a _______.
Amino acids are the subunits of larger molecules called _________.
Amino acids are the subunits of larger molecules called _________.
Fatty acids contain both a ________ group and a ________ group.
Fatty acids contain both a ________ group and a ________ group.
Common arrangements of atoms associated with hydrocarbon backbones are called ______ groups.
Common arrangements of atoms associated with hydrocarbon backbones are called ______ groups.
Describe an ion.
Describe an ion.
An ______ is a protein that functions as a biological catalyst.
An ______ is a protein that functions as a biological catalyst.
What is the molecular weight of a molecule?
What is the molecular weight of a molecule?
Disaccharides can be broken down into ___________.
Disaccharides can be broken down into ___________.
A ________ is an amphiphilic molecule composed of two fatty acids and one phosphate group bonded to a glycerol molecule.
A ________ is an amphiphilic molecule composed of two fatty acids and one phosphate group bonded to a glycerol molecule.
Inorganic elements that are extracted from the soil by plants and passed up the food chain are known as ________.
Inorganic elements that are extracted from the soil by plants and passed up the food chain are known as ________.
Name the only plant polysaccharide digestible in the human diet.
Name the only plant polysaccharide digestible in the human diet.
Multiple part molecules of carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids are examples of ________.
Multiple part molecules of carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids are examples of ________.
An ______ reaction consists of two molecules that trade groups of atoms.
An ______ reaction consists of two molecules that trade groups of atoms.
Glucose (C6H12O6) is a?
Glucose (C6H12O6) is a?
Nucleotides are the subunits of the macromolecule type called __________.
Nucleotides are the subunits of the macromolecule type called __________.
Describe a decomposition reaction.
Describe a decomposition reaction.
A carbohydrate composed of two covalently-bonded simple sugars (monosaccharides) is a __________.
A carbohydrate composed of two covalently-bonded simple sugars (monosaccharides) is a __________.
Indicate the different types of lipids.
Indicate the different types of lipids.
Covalent, ionic, and hydrogen are examples of _________ bonds.
Covalent, ionic, and hydrogen are examples of _________ bonds.
Solutions with a pH of 7 are considered neutral.
Solutions with a pH of 7 are considered neutral.
Hydrophobic means that a substance is insoluble in _______.
Hydrophobic means that a substance is insoluble in _______.
Blood, with a normal pH range of 7.35 to 7.45, is considered basic.
Blood, with a normal pH range of 7.35 to 7.45, is considered basic.
What is the molecular weight of a molecule?
What is the molecular weight of a molecule?
Name the particle found in the nucleus that has a positive charge.
Name the particle found in the nucleus that has a positive charge.
A ______ consists of substances that are physically blended but not chemically bound.
A ______ consists of substances that are physically blended but not chemically bound.
What is true regarding metabolism?
What is true regarding metabolism?
A molecule may be composed of one element or more than one element.
A molecule may be composed of one element or more than one element.
To move something, one is required to do _______.
To move something, one is required to do _______.
The pH of the stomach can be as low as 2. This pH would be considered acidic.
The pH of the stomach can be as low as 2. This pH would be considered acidic.
In the scenario of saltwater being a solution of NaCl in water, water is the ______.
In the scenario of saltwater being a solution of NaCl in water, water is the ______.
Study Notes
Biochemical Terms and Definitions
- Monomer: Identical or similar subunits of larger molecules.
- Metabolism: The collective term for all chemical reactions happening in the body.
- Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP): Molecule that can combine with inorganic phosphate to form ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
- Solute: In saltwater (NaCl in water), NaCl acts as the solute.
- Nucleotide: An organic molecule made of a nitrogenous base, monosaccharide, and phosphate group; monomer of nucleic acids.
- Proteins: Larger molecules composed of subunits called amino acids.
- Fatty Acids: Organic compounds with a carboxyl group and a methyl group.
Chemical Structures and Reactions
- Functional Groups: Common arrangements of atoms associated with hydrocarbon backbones.
- Ion: An atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a charge.
- Enzyme: A type of protein that functions as a biological catalyst.
Molecular and Atomic Concepts
- Molecular Weight: Measured in atomic mass units, equals the sum of atomic weights; useful for calculating concentrations.
- Disaccharides: Carbohydrates that can be broken down into monosaccharides.
- Phospholipid: An amphiphilic molecule consisting of two fatty acids and one phosphate group bonded to glycerol; major components of cellular membranes.
- Minerals: Inorganic elements extracted from soil by plants, entering the food chain.
Carbohydrates and Lipids
- Starch: The only digestible plant polysaccharide in the human diet.
- Polymers: Large molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids; also called macromolecules.
- Exchange Reaction: A reaction where two molecules exchange groups or atoms.
- Hydrophobic: Describes substances that are insoluble in water; includes various organic molecules like fatty acids and steroids.
Chemical Properties
- pH 7: Solutions at this level are neutral.
- Basic Blood pH: Blood typically has a normal pH range of 7.35 to 7.45.
- Acidic Stomach pH: Stomach acidity can be as low as 2.
- Chemical Bonds: Covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds are types of chemical bonds.
Miscellaneous Facts
- Mixture: A combination of substances that are physically blended but not chemically bound.
- Work: Required to move an object or perform a task.
- A molecule can consist of one element or multiple elements, indicating its composition can vary.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of key terms from Biology Chapter 2 with these flashcards. Each card covers important concepts such as monomers, metabolism, and ATP. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of essential biological processes.
