Biology Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases

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Questions and Answers

What is the process of exchange of O2 from the atmosphere with CO2 produced by the cells called?

  • Respiration (correct)
  • Photosynthesis
  • Osmosis
  • Diffusion

Which of the following respiratory organs are used by lower invertebrates like sponges, coelenterates, and flatworms for gas exchange?

  • Gills
  • Tracheal system
  • Entire body surface (correct)
  • Lungs

What is the main function of oxygen (O2) for organisms?

  • To break down glucose into CO2 and H2O
  • To support cellular reproduction
  • To produce carbon dioxide (CO2)
  • To release energy from nutrient molecules (correct)

Which chapter of biology does the text most likely originate from?

<p>Breathing and Exchange of Gases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the respiratory mechanisms of lower invertebrates differ from higher animals?

<p>Lower invertebrates exchange gases over their entire body surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the human respiratory system, the part starting with the external nostrils up to the terminal bronchioles is known as the:

<p>Conducting part (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a structure used for gas exchange in animals?

<p>Cuticle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the epiglottis in the human respiratory system?

<p>To prevent food from entering the larynx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vertebrates use gills for respiration?

<p>Fishes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pleural fluid in the human respiratory system?

<p>To prevent friction on the lung surface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Respiration

The process of exchanging oxygen (O2) from the atmosphere with carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by cells.

Gas Exchange in Lower Invertebrates

The entire body surface acts as the respiratory organ in these simple animals.

Oxygen's Role in Organisms

Oxygen is essential for releasing energy from food molecules, powering the cells.

Conducting Part of the Respiratory System

The part of the respiratory system that carries air but doesn't participate in gas exchange, like the nose, trachea, and bronchi.

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Respiratory Differences in Invertebrates

Lower invertebrates exchange gases directly through their body surface, unlike higher animals with specialized organs.

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Epiglottis

A flap of cartilage that covers the opening of the larynx (voice box) during swallowing, preventing food from entering the airways.

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Gill Respiration

Fishes use gills to extract oxygen from water.

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Pleural Fluid

The fluid surrounding the lungs that prevents friction during breathing, allowing smooth expansion and contraction.

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Cuticle

The outer protective layer of some invertebrates, NOT involved in gas exchange.

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Respiratory System Function

The main function of the respiratory system is to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.

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