Biology Chapter 10 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which statement accurately describes homologous chromosomes?

  • They contain the same genes but may have different alleles. (correct)
  • They are identical in every way.
  • They are formed during crossing over.
  • They are always present in pairs.
  • During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?

  • Metaphase I
  • Prophase I (correct)
  • Prophase II
  • Anaphase I
  • What is the term for the release of an oocyte from the ovary?

  • Ovulation (correct)
  • Menstruation
  • Fertilization
  • Implantation
  • Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is FALSE?

    <p>They are identical in DNA sequence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In meiosis, where do homologous chromosomes undergo recombination?

    <p>During prophase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chlorophyll in the process of photosynthesis?

    <p>Chlorophyll absorbs some wavelengths and reflects others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly represents the process of photosynthesis?

    <p>6CO2 + 6H2O + Light Energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to wavelengths of light that chlorophyll does not absorb?

    <p>They are reflected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is light energy important in the photosynthesis equation?

    <p>It is necessary to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding chlorophyll during photosynthesis?

    <p>Chlorophyll reflects light which is not used in photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is responsible for holding grana together?

    <p>Lamellae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process would be most affected if a plant lacks CO2?

    <p>Dark reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component plays a critical role in the structure of thylakoid membranes?

    <p>Grana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the light reactions in photosynthesis?

    <p>Generating ATP and NADPH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to photosynthesis if plant cells undergo fermentation instead?

    <p>Decrease in oxygen release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase do sister chromatids separate?

    <p>anaphase II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does anaphase I differ from mitotic anaphase?

    <p>Homologous pairs separate in anaphase I.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about telophase I of meiosis?

    <p>Sister chromatids remain attached at the centromere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during anaphase in mitosis?

    <p>Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following occurs during meiosis but not during mitosis?

    <p>Homologous chromosomes pair and exchange genetic material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary photosynthetic pigment involved in the process of photosynthesis?

    <p>Chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pigment is most commonly associated with the absorption of light energy in plants?

    <p>Chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Among the following pigments, which is primarily responsible for the green color of plants?

    <p>Chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pigment would predominantly be found in aquatic plants and absorb different wavelengths of light compared to chlorophyll?

    <p>Phycobilin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pigment mainly assists in protecting plants from excess light rather than capturing it?

    <p>Xanthophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are whitefish blastulas and onion root tips commonly used for studying mitosis?

    <p>They are actively growing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the cell cycle occurs immediately after G1?

    <p>Synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using both plant and animal models in observing mitosis?

    <p>To contrast the process across different cell types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sequences correctly represents the cell cycle?

    <p>G1-S-G2-M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to observe mitosis in actively growing tissues?

    <p>It ensures a higher frequency of cells undergoing mitosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theory of inheritance did Mendel's particulate theory replace?

    <p>Blending theory of inheritance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of inheritance occurs when the heterozygous genotype displays the phenotypic effects of both alleles equally?

    <p>Codominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results when a heterozygous genotype leads to an intermediate phenotype between the two parental traits?

    <p>Incomplete dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which inheritance pattern leads to the expression of both parental traits in the phenotype?

    <p>Codominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key difference between Mendel's theory and the blending theory of inheritance?

    <p>Mendel's theory emphasizes genetic separation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of meristematic tissue in plants?

    <p>Rapid cell division and growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about cells produced through mitosis?

    <p>They are genetically identical to the parent cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for using whitefish blastulas and onion root tips to study mitosis?

    <p>They are easy to acquire and visibly demonstrate mitosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a component of the mitotic spindle?

    <p>Microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a cell plate during cell division?

    <p>To form a new cell wall in plant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phenomenon is characterized by a heterozygous genotype exhibiting an intermediate phenotype?

    <p>incomplete dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main distinction between a gene and an allele?

    <p>Alleles are specific forms of genes and may be dominant or recessive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In genetics, which scenario exemplifies codominance?

    <p>A blood type A individual mates with a blood type B individual resulting in blood type AB offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept is NOT associated with inheritance patterns in genetics?

    <p>phenotypic plasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes alleles?

    <p>Alleles are alternative versions of a gene that occupy the same locus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process describes the release of an oocyte from an ovary?

    <p>ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the S phase in interphase?

    <p>To replicate the DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After the S phase, what happens to the total amount of genetic material in a cell?

    <p>It has doubled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event occurs immediately after the S phase in the cell cycle?

    <p>G2 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phase follows mitosis in the cell cycle?

    <p>Cytokinesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Question 1

    • Sister chromatids separate during anaphase II.

    Question 2

    • Anaphase I differs from mitotic anaphase because homologous pairs separate in anaphase I.

    Question 3

    • Homologous chromosomes are not identical. They are false.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of meiosis with this quiz focusing on anaphase I and II, as well as the nature of homologous chromosomes. Answer questions about the key differences between meiotic and mitotic processes. Perfect for reinforcing your knowledge in genetics!

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